python logging 日志模块使用方法学习,pythonlogging,本文为大家介绍Pytho


本文为大家介绍Python logging 日志模块的使用方法记录

1.python logging模块简单的将日志打印到屏幕

首先我们要用python import方法导入logging,用logging中的方法来实现效果。

import logginglogging.debug('This is debug message')logging.info('This is info message')logging.warning('This is warning message')屏幕上打印:WARNING:root:This is warning message
默认情况下,python logging库将日志打印到屏幕,日志级别为WARNING;
日志级别大小关系为:CRITICAL > ERROR > WARNING > INFO > DEBUG > NOTSET,当然也可以自己定义日志级别。
2.通过logging.basicConfig函数对日志的输出格式及方式做相关配置
import logginglogging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG,                format='%(asctime)s %(filename)s[line:%(lineno)d] %(levelname)s %(message)s',                datefmt='%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S',                filename='myapp.log',                filemode='w')logging.debug('This is debug message')logging.info('This is info message')logging.warning('This is warning message')./myapp.log文件中内容为:Sun, 24 May 2009 21:48:54 demo2.py[line:11] DEBUG This is debug messageSun, 24 May 2009 21:48:54 demo2.py[line:12] INFO This is info messageSun, 24 May 2009 21:48:54 demo2.py[line:13] WARNING This is warning messagelogging.basicConfig函数各参数:filename: 指定python程序 logging模块日志的文件名filemode: 和file函数意义相同,指定日志文件的打开模式,'w'或'a'format: 指定输出的格式和内容,format可以输出很多有用信息,如上例所示:%(levelno)s: 打印日志级别的数值%(levelname)s: 打印日志级别名称%(pathname)s: 打印当前执行程序的路径,其实就是sys.argv[0]%(filename)s: 打印当前执行程序名%(funcName)s: 打印日志的当前函数%(lineno)d: 打印日志的当前行号%(asctime)s: 打印日志的时间%(thread)d: 打印线程ID%(threadName)s: 打印线程名称%(process)d: 打印进程ID%(message)s: 打印日志信息datefmt: 指定时间格式,同time.strftime()level: 设置日志级别,默认为logging.WARNINGstream: 指定将日志的输出流,可以指定输出到sys.stderr,sys.stdout或者文件默认输出到sys.stderr,当stream和filename同时指定时,stream被忽略

3.利用python将日志同时输出到文件和屏幕

import logginglogging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG,                format='%(asctime)s %(filename)s[line:%(lineno)d] %(levelname)s %(message)s',                datefmt='%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S',                filename='myapp.log',                filemode='w')##################################################################################################定义一个StreamHandler,将INFO级别或更高的日志信息打印到标准错误,并将其添加到当前的日志处理对象#console = logging.StreamHandler()console.setLevel(logging.INFO)formatter = logging.Formatter('%(name)-12s: %(levelname)-8s %(message)s')console.setFormatter(formatter)logging.getLogger('').addHandler(console)#################################################################################################logging.debug('This is debug message')logging.info('This is info message')logging.warning('This is warning message')屏幕上打印:root        : INFO     This is info messageroot        : WARNING  This is warning message./myapp.log文件中内容为:Sun, 24 May 2009 21:48:54 demo2.py[line:11] DEBUG This is debug messageSun, 24 May 2009 21:48:54 demo2.py[line:12] INFO This is info messageSun, 24 May 2009 21:48:54 demo2.py[line:13] WARNING This is warning message

4.python logging之日志回滚

from import python方法在下文中会使用到。

import loggingfrom logging.handlers import RotatingFileHandler##################################################################################################定义一个RotatingFileHandler,最多备份5个日志文件,每个日志文件最大10MRthandler = RotatingFileHandler('myapp.log', maxBytes=10*1024*1024,backupCount=5)Rthandler.setLevel(logging.INFO)formatter = logging.Formatter('%(name)-12s: %(levelname)-8s %(message)s')Rthandler.setFormatter(formatter)logging.getLogger('').addHandler(Rthandler)################################################################################################从上例和本例可以看出,logging有一个日志处理的主对象,其它处理方式都是通过addHandler添加进去的。python logging的几种handle方式如下:logging.StreamHandler: 日志输出到流,可以是sys.stderr、sys.stdout或者文件logging.FileHandler: 日志输出到文件日志回滚方式,实际使用时用RotatingFileHandler和TimedRotatingFileHandlerlogging.handlers.BaseRotatingHandlerlogging.handlers.RotatingFileHandlerlogging.handlers.TimedRotatingFileHandlerlogging.handlers.SocketHandler: 远程输出日志到TCP/IP socketslogging.handlers.DatagramHandler: 远程输出日志到UDP socketslogging.handlers.SMTPHandler: 远程输出日志到邮件地址logging.handlers.SysLogHandler: 日志输出到syslog logging.handlers.NTEventLogHandler: 远程输出日志到Windows NT/2000/XP的事件日志 logging.handlers.MemoryHandler: 日志输出到内存中的制定bufferlogging.handlers.HTTPHandler: 通过"GET"或"POST"远程输出到HTTP服务器
由于StreamHandler和FileHandler是常用的日志处理方式,所以直接包含在logging模块中,
而其他方式则包含在logging.handlers模块中, 上述其它处理方式的使用请参见python2.5手册!

5.通过logging.config模块配置日志
#python logger.conf###############################################[loggers]keys=root,example01,example02[logger_root]level=DEBUGhandlers=hand01,hand02[logger_example01]handlers=hand01,hand02qualname=example01propagate=0[logger_example02]handlers=hand01,hand03qualname=example02propagate=0###############################################[handlers]keys=hand01,hand02,hand03[handler_hand01]class=StreamHandlerlevel=INFOformatter=form02args=(sys.stderr,)[handler_hand02]class=FileHandlerlevel=DEBUGformatter=form01args=('myapp.log', 'a')[handler_hand03]class=handlers.RotatingFileHandlerlevel=INFOformatter=form02args=('myapp.log', 'a', 10*1024*1024, 5)###############################################[formatters]keys=form01,form02[formatter_form01]format=%(asctime)s %(filename)s[line:%(lineno)d] %(levelname)s %(message)sdatefmt=%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S[formatter_form02]format=%(name)-12s: %(levelname)-8s %(message)sdatefmt=上例3:import loggingimport logging.configlogging.config.fileConfig("logger.conf")logger = logging.getLogger("example01")logger.debug('This is debug message')logger.info('This is info message')logger.warning('This is warning message')上例4:import loggingimport logging.configlogging.config.fileConfig("logger.conf")logger = logging.getLogger("example02")logger.debug('This is debug message')logger.info('This is info message')logger.warning('This is warning message')6.python logging是线程安全的

本文原创自www.iplaypy.com编橙之家会员:东浩

编橙之家文章,

评论关闭