linux中python安装，linuxpython安装,1、查看当前环境中是

linux中python安装，linuxpython安装,1、查看当前环境中是

1、查看当前环境中是否存在python安装包

[[email protected] ~]$  rpm -qa | grep pythongnome-python2-gnome-2.28.0-3.el6.x86_64python-slip-0.2.20-1.el6_2.noarchpython-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarchpython-pycurl-7.19.0-9.el6.x86_64gnome-python2-gconf-2.28.0-3.el6.x86_64gnome-python2-extras-2.25.3-20.el6.x86_64gnome-python2-libegg-2.25.3-20.el6.x86_64notify-python-0.1.1-10.el6.x86_64python-libs-2.6.6-66.el6_8.x86_64python-ethtool-0.6-6.el6.x86_64python-mako-0.3.4-1.el6.noarchabrt-python-2.0.8-43.el6.centos.x86_64gnome-python2-gnomekeyring-2.28.0-5.el6.x86_64gnome-python2-bonobo-2.28.0-3.el6.x86_64python-meh-0.12.1-3.el6.noarchpython-2.6.6-66.el6_8.x86_64libuser-python-0.56.13-8.el6_7.x86_64

2、在官网上查看最新的版本；也可以通过yum install 安装python安装包，但是有可能yum源上面没有最新的python版本，所以采用下载的方式安装最新的安装包。

https://www.python.org/downloads/source/

[[email protected] home]# yum info python  //查看yum源上的py安装包信息Failed to set locale, defaulting to CLoaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, securityLoading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.aliyun.com * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com * updates: mirrors.aliyun.comInstalled PackagesName        : pythonArch        : x86_64Version     : 2.6.6Release     : 66.el6_8Size        : 78 kRepo        : installedFrom repo   : anaconda-CentOS-201703281317.x86_64Summary     : An interpreted, interactive, object-oriented programming languageURL         : http://www.python.org/License     : PythonDescription : Python is an interpreted, interactive, object-oriented programming            : language often compared to Tcl, Perl, Scheme or Java. Python includes            : modules, classes, exceptions, very high level dynamic data types and            : dynamic typing. Python supports interfaces to many system calls and            : libraries, as well as to various windowing systems (X11, Motif, Tk,            : Mac and MFC).            :             : Programmers can write new built-in modules for Python in C or C++.            : Python can be used as an extension language for applications that need            : a programmable interface.            :             : Note that documentation for Python is provided in the python-docs            : package.            :             : This package provides the "python" executable; most of the actual            : implementation is within the "python-libs" package.[[email protected] home]# [[email protected] home]# yum search python3  //查询yum源是否有？Failed to set locale, defaulting to CLoaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, securityLoading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.aliyun.com * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com * updates: mirrors.aliyun.comWarning: No matches found for: python3No Matches found

3、安装python源码：

---

下载：将安装包上传到linux的家目录下

[[email protected] home]# cd zyj[[email protected] zyj]# lltotal 31312drwxr-xr-x. 2 zyj zyj     4096 Apr 14 09:13 Desktopdrwxr-xr-x. 2 zyj zyj     4096 Apr 14 09:13 Documentsdrwxr-xr-x. 2 zyj zyj     4096 Apr 14 09:13 Downloadsdrwxr-xr-x. 2 zyj zyj     4096 Apr 14 09:13 Musicdrwxr-xr-x. 2 zyj zyj     4096 Apr 14 09:13 Picturesdrwxr-xr-x. 2 zyj zyj     4096 Apr 14 09:13 Public-rw-rw-r--. 1 zyj zyj 22994617 May  1  2018 Python-3.6.5.tgzdrwxr-xr-x. 2 zyj zyj     4096 Apr 14 09:13 Templatesdrwxr-xr-x. 2 zyj zyj     4096 Apr 14 09:13 Videos-rw-rw-r--. 1 zyj zyj  9034460 Apr 27 21:23 mysql-server-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64.rpm[[email protected] zyj]# mv Python-3.6.5.tgz ../[[email protected] home]# lltotal 22472-rwxrwxrwx.  1 root root       10 Apr 25 11:05 1.txt-rw-rw-r--.  1 zyj  zyj  22994617 May  1  2018 Python-3.6.5.tgz-rwxrwxrwx.  1 zyj  zyj        86 Apr 15 09:23 hello.txtdrwxr-xrwx.  2 root root     4096 Apr 15 07:00 xdrwx------. 24 zyj  zyj      4096 May  1 00:00 zyj

查看源码（.c结尾为c语言）：在windows下打开压缩包，查看里面文件的后缀。准备编译环境（检查c语言编译环境，gcc）

[[email protected] home]# rpm -qa | grep gcclibgcc-4.4.7-18.el6.x86_64gcc-4.4.7-18.el6.x86_64

[[email protected] home]# yum install gcc-c++ //安装c++编译环境

检查（依赖、兼容），预编译：

[[email protected] home]# tar -zxvf Python-3.6.5.tgz //解压安装包[[email protected] home]# ls1.txt  Python-3.6.5  Python-3.6.5.tgz  hello.txt  x  zyj[[email protected] home]# cd Python-3.6.5 //进入安装包目录下[[email protected] Python-3.6.5]# lltotal 1036drwxr-xr-x. 18 sl sl   4096 Mar 28 03:24 Docdrwxr-xr-x.  2 sl sl   4096 Mar 28 02:19 Grammardrwxr-xr-x.  2 sl sl   4096 Mar 28 02:19 Include-rw-r--r--.  1 sl sl  12763 Mar 28 02:19 LICENSEdrwxr-xr-x. 33 sl sl   4096 Mar 28 02:19 Libdrwxr-xr-x.  8 sl sl   4096 Mar 28 02:19 Mac-rw-r--r--.  1 sl sl  61032 Mar 28 02:19 Makefile.pre.indrwxr-xr-x.  2 sl sl   4096 Mar 28 03:24 Miscdrwxr-xr-x. 13 sl sl   4096 Mar 28 02:19 Modulesdrwxr-xr-x.  4 sl sl   4096 Mar 28 02:19 Objectsdrwxr-xr-x.  6 sl sl   4096 Mar 28 02:19 PCdrwxr-xr-x.  2 sl sl   4096 Mar 28 02:19 PCbuilddrwxr-xr-x.  2 sl sl   4096 Mar 28 02:19 Parserdrwxr-xr-x.  2 sl sl   4096 Mar 28 02:19 Programsdrwxr-xr-x.  3 sl sl   4096 Mar 28 02:19 Python-rw-r--r--.  1 sl sl   9281 Mar 28 02:19 README.rstdrwxr-xr-x. 23 sl sl   4096 Mar 28 02:19 Tools-rw-r--r--.  1 sl sl  13335 Mar 28 02:19 aclocal.m4-rwxr-xr-x.  1 sl sl  44259 Mar 28 02:19 config.guess-rwxr-xr-x.  1 sl sl  36515 Mar 28 02:19 config.sub-rwxr-xr-x.  1 sl sl 490243 Mar 28 02:19 configure-rw-r--r--.  1 sl sl 163178 Mar 28 02:19 configure.ac-rwxr-xr-x.  1 sl sl   7122 Mar 28 02:19 install-sh-rw-r--r--.  1 sl sl  42152 Mar 28 02:19 pyconfig.h.in-rw-r--r--.  1 sl sl 104570 Mar 28 02:19 setup.py

执行可执行文件：

[[email protected] Python-3.6.5]# ./configure --help`configure‘ configures python 3.6 to adapt to many kinds of systems.Usage: ./configure [OPTION]... [VAR=VALUE]...To assign environment variables (e.g., CC, CFLAGS...), specify them asVAR=VALUE.  See below for descriptions of some of the useful variables.Defaults for the options are specified in brackets.Configuration:  -h, --help              display this help and exit      --help=short        display options specific to this package      --help=recursive    display the short help of all the included packages  -V, --version           display version information and exit  -q, --quiet, --silent   do not print `checking ...‘ messages      --cache-file=FILE   cache test results in FILE [disabled]  -C, --config-cache      alias for `--cache-file=config.cache‘  -n, --no-create         do not create output files      --srcdir=DIR        find the sources in DIR [configure dir or `..‘]Installation directories:  --prefix=PREFIX         install architecture-independent files in PREFIX                          [/usr/local]  --exec-prefix=EPREFIX   install architecture-dependent files in EPREFIX                          [PREFIX]......Report bugs to <https://bugs.python.org/>.[[email protected] Python-3.6.5]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/python-3.6.5  //第三方软件安装在/usr/ 目录下。checking whether gcc -pthread supports computed gotos... yeschecking for build directories... donechecking for -O2... yeschecking for glibc _FORTIFY_SOURCE/memmove bug... nochecking for gcc ipa-pure-const bug... nochecking for stdatomic.h... nochecking for GCC >= 4.7 __atomic builtins... nochecking for ensurepip... upgradechecking if the dirent structure of a d_type field... yeschecking for the Linux getrandom() syscall... nochecking for the getrandom() function... noconfigure: creating ./config.statusconfig.status: creating Makefile.preconfig.status: creating Modules/Setup.configconfig.status: creating Misc/python.pcconfig.status: creating Misc/python-config.shconfig.status: creating Modules/ld_so_aixconfig.status: creating pyconfig.hcreating Modules/Setupcreating Modules/Setup.localcreating MakefileIf you want a release build with all stable optimizations active (PGO, etc),please run ./configure --enable-optimizations

准备安装依赖包：zlib、openssl。python的pip需要依赖这两个包。

[[email protected] home]# yum install zlib* openssl*  //安装依赖包[[email protected] home]# cd Python-3.6.5[[email protected] Python-3.6.5]# lsDoc      LICENSE  Makefile         Misc     PC       Programs    Tools         config.log     configure     pyconfig.hGrammar  Lib      Makefile.pre     Modules  PCbuild  Python      aclocal.m4    config.status  configure.ac  pyconfig.h.inInclude  Mac      Makefile.pre.in  Objects  Parser   README.rst  config.guess  config.sub     install-sh    setup.py[[email protected] Python-3.6.5]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/python-3.6.5 --enable-optimizations  //完整的预编译...creating Modules/Setupcreating Modules/Setup.localcreating Makefile  //没有任何报错[[email protected] Python-3.6.5]# 

编译：make

[[email protected] Python-3.6.5]# make...make[1]: Entering directory `/home/Python-3.6.5‘find . -name ‘*.gc??‘ -exec rm -f {} ‘;‘find . -name ‘*.profclang?‘ -exec rm -f {} ‘;‘find . -name ‘*.dyn‘ -exec rm -f {} ‘;‘rm -f /home/Python-3.6.5/coverage.inform -rf /home/Python-3.6.5/lcov-reportmake[1]: Leaving directory `/home/Python-3.6.5‘[[email protected] Python-3.6.5]# //一般检查最后几行有没有error

安装：make install

[[email protected] Python-3.6.5]#make install......Collecting setuptoolsCollecting pipInstalling collected packages: setuptools, pipSuccessfully installed pip-9.0.3 setuptools-39.0.1[[email protected] Python-3.6.5]#

配置环境变量

linux中python安装