CentOS下nginx+python+fastcgi+postgres部署总结(django版)，,最近因为项目上的需要

CentOS下nginx+python+fastcgi+postgres部署总结(django版)，,最近因为项目上的需要

最近因为项目上的需要开始大量使用nginx，因此也想趁机将以前常用的django+apache的架构换成django+nginx。常见的 django webapp 部署方式采用FCGI 或 WSGI的方式部署，在这里主要对CentOS 6.5下采用 Nginx + fastcgi + Python + Django + PostgreSQL 的搭建与配置步骤做一个简要说明，主要留作备忘，也希望对大家有所帮助。

一、PostgreSQL、Django、Nginx安装

postgres、Django、Nginx的安装在这里不详细讲述了，需要安装的可以去百度、Google一下。

二、PostgreSQL数据库配置

1、创建新用户：createuser -P 用户名

=> su postgres

bash-4.1$ createuser -P djangoEnter password for new role: Enter it again: Shall the new role be a superuser? (y/n) nShall the new role be allowed to create databases? (y/n) yShall the new role be allowed to create more new roles? (y/n) n

2、为新用户创建新数据库：createdb 数据库名 -O 用户名

bash-4.1$ createdb djangodb -O djangobash-4.1$ psql psql (8.4.20)Type "help" for help.postgres=# \l

二、PostgreSQL + Django配置

1、创建Django项目

[email protected] 11:25:39 /App/django-websites =>  python /usr/bin/django-admin.py startproject websites[email protected] 11:25:19 /App/django-websites => tree websites/websites/├── manage.py└── websites    ├── __init__.py    ├── __init__.pyc    ├── settings.py    ├── settings.pyc    ├── urls.py    ├── urls.pyc    ├── wsgi.py    └── wsgi.pyc1 directory, 9 files

2、配置Django+Postgres

[email protected] 11:28:34 /App/django-websites/websites/websites => vi settings.py"""Django settings for websites project.For more information on this file, seehttps://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.6/topics/settings/For the full list of settings and their values, seehttps://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.6/ref/settings/"""# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)import osBASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__))# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.6/howto/deployment/checklist/# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!SECRET_KEY = ‘tpq!izqrqcr#[email protected]#[email protected]^p*!0ww&[email protected]%c#u0if‘# SECURITY WARNING: don‘t run with debug turned on in production!DEBUG = TrueTEMPLATE_DEBUG = TrueTEMPLATE_DIRS = (‘/App/django-websites/Templates/‘,)       #设置Django模板路径ALLOWED_HOSTS = []# Application definitionINSTALLED_APPS = (    ‘django.contrib.admin‘,    ‘django.contrib.auth‘,    ‘django.contrib.contenttypes‘,    ‘django.contrib.sessions‘,    ‘django.contrib.messages‘,    ‘django.contrib.staticfiles‘,)MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES = (    ‘django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware‘,    ‘django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware‘,    ‘django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware‘,    ‘django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware‘,    ‘django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware‘,    ‘django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware‘,)ROOT_URLCONF = ‘websites.urls‘WSGI_APPLICATION = ‘websites.wsgi.application‘# Database# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.6/ref/settings/#databasesDATABASES = {    ‘default‘: {        #‘ENGINE‘: ‘django.db.backends.sqlite3‘,        #‘NAME‘: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ‘db.sqlite3‘),        ‘ENGINE‘ : ‘django.db.backends.postgresql_psycopg2‘,         # Django使用postgres数据库         ‘NAME‘: ‘djangodb‘,                                          # 数据库名字         ‘USER‘: ‘django‘,                                            # 数据库所有者         ‘PASSWORD‘: ‘123456‘,                                        # 数据库密码         ‘HOST‘ : ‘localhost‘,        ‘PORT‘ : ‘‘    }}# Internationalization# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.6/topics/i18n/LANGUAGE_CODE = ‘en-us‘TIME_ZONE = ‘UTC‘USE_I18N = TrueUSE_L10N = TrueUSE_TZ = True# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.6/howto/static-files/STATIC_URL = ‘/static/‘

3、同步后台数据库

[email protected] 13:10:37 /App/django-websites/websites => python manage.py syncdbCreating tables ...Installing custom SQL ...Installing indexes ...Installed 0 object(s) from 0 fixture(s)

三、Nginx + Django + fastcgi配置

1.安装flup模块

nginx 默认已经整合了mod_fastcgi，所以在配置前先要安装flup。CentOS下可以通过一下命令直接安装：

=> yum install python-flup

2.修改nginx的配置文件：

server {        listen 80;        server_name 172.16.43.35;        add_header X-Frame-Options SAMEORIGIN;        add_header X-XSS-Protection "1;mode=block";        server_tokens off;        # nginx 默认的CSS、JavaScript、Images指向         location /static {                alias /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/contrib/admin/static/;        }        location / {            fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:8051;            fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_script_name;            fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method;            fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string;            fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type;            fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length;            fastcgi_param REMOTE_ADDR $remote_addr;            fastcgi_param SERVER_PROTOCOL $server_protocol;            fastcgi_param SERVER_PORT $server_port;            fastcgi_param SERVER_NAME $server_name;            fastcgi_pass_header Authorization;            fastcgi_intercept_errors off;        }

}

3.到项目目录下，运行：

python manage.py runfcgi method=threaded host=127.0.0.1 port=8051

4.重启nginx服务器

=> /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

5.访问http://localhost/admin/,(如，本次部署的个人机器ip为172.16.43.35，即访问：http://172.16.43.35/admin/) 即可出现Django的后台数据库的登录页面（下左），以及登录进去后的djangodb页面（下右）：

至此，CentOS下nginx+python+fastcgi+postgres的设置已经全部完成，接下来大家就可以尽情的去搭建自己的Django APP啦！

CentOS下nginx+python+fastcgi+postgres部署总结(django版)