CentOS系统python默认版本由python2改为python3,,一.了解  Cent


一.了解

  CentOS中如果安装有yum,一般会有python2的某个版本。命令行键入python,出现的python2的环境:

[[email protected] src]# pythonPython 2.7.5 (default, Apr 11 2018, 07:36:10) [GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-28)] on linux2Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.

  我们希望将python这个shell指令连接到python3的版本。这里首先装python3,然后将python连接到python3上。

  由于路径添加到了bash_profile文件中的PATH中了,因此环境变量不需要再改了。如果没有天津爱到哦环境变量则需要

  vim ~/.bash_profile

  把Python3的路径加上,然后重载bash_profile这个文件

  接着修改bashrc这个文件

vim ~/.bashrc

  将python2和python3 的路径都写上,并将python指定为python3

alias python2=/usr/bin/pythonalias python3=/usr/local/python3/bin/python3alias python=/usr/local/python3/bin/python3

  这样,命令行开python就是python3了。

[[email protected] src]# pythonPython 3.6.6 (default, Jul  4 2019, 12:00:29) [GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-36)] on linuxType "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.  

  注意:

  在centos中,用于软件安装的yum指令是调用python昨晚命令解释器的,因此其默认版本为Python2,如果改成python3,会由于2和3的兼容性问题导致yum可能出现故障。因此需要特别注意。

  yum 的路径在

/usr/bin/yum

  可以看一下yum文件

#!/usr/bin/pythonimport systry:    import yumexcept ImportError:    print >> sys.stderr, """There was a problem importing one of the Python modulesrequired to run yum. The error leading to this problem was:   %sPlease install a package which provides this module, orverify that the module is installed correctly.It‘s possible that the above module doesn‘t match thecurrent version of Python, which is:%sIf you cannot solve this problem yourself, please go to the yum faq at:  http://yum.baseurl.org/wiki/Faq  """ % (sys.exc_value, sys.version)    sys.exit(1)sys.path.insert(0, ‘/usr/share/yum-cli‘)try:    import yummain    yummain.user_main(sys.argv[1:], exit_code=True)except KeyboardInterrupt, e:

  可以看到,开头默认了解释器为/usr/bin/python。如果yum因为修改了python解释器出现bug,可以将这个改成/usr/bin/python2.x即可。

CentOS系统python默认版本由python2改为python3

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