python模块之XlsxWriter，,官网Tutorial

文章由Byrx.net分享于2020-02-19 03:02:39评论（430）

python模块之XlsxWriter，,官网Tutorial

官网Tutorial：http://xlsxwriter.readthedocs.io/tutorial

Xlsx是python用来构造xlsx文件的模块，可以向excel2007+中写text，numbers，formulas 公式以及hyperlinks超链接。

可以完成xlsx文件的自动化构造，包括：

合并单元格，制作excel图表等功能：

技术分享

1，Introduction:

xlsxWriter支持多种excle功能；与excel完美兼容；写大文件，速度快且只占用很小的内存空间

不支持读或者改现有的excel文件

2， Installing:

sudo pip install XlsxWriter;

sudo easy_install XlsxWriter;

或者源码安装：http://github.com/jmcnamara/XlsxWriter/archive/master.tar.gz

3，使用：

import xlsxwriterworkbook = xlsxwriter.Workbook(‘hello.xlsx‘) # 建立文件worksheet = workbook.add_worksheet() # 建立sheet， 可以work.add_worksheet(‘employee‘)来指定sheet名，但中文名会报UnicodeDecodeErro的错误worksheet.write(‘A1‘, ‘Hello world‘) # 向A1写入workbook.close()

excel公式计算

# Some data we want to write to the worksheet.expenses = (    [‘Rent‘, 1000],    [‘Gas‘,   100],    [‘Food‘,  300],    [‘Gym‘,    50],)# Start from the first cell. Rows and columns are zero indexed. 按标号写入是从0开始的，按绝对位置‘A1‘写入是从1开始的row = 0col = 0# Iterate over the data and write it out row by row.for item, cost in (expenses):    worksheet.write(row, col,     item)    worksheet.write(row, col + 1, cost)    row += 1# Write a total using a formula.worksheet.write(row, 0, ‘Total‘)worksheet.write(row, 1, ‘=SUM(B1:B4)‘)    # 调用excel的公式表达式workbook.close()

excel自定义格式：

import xlsxwriter # 建文件及sheet. workbook = xlsxwriter.Workbook(‘Expenses02.xlsx‘) worksheet = workbook.add_worksheet() # Add a bold format to use to highlight cells. 设置粗体，默认是False bold = workbook.add_format({‘bold‘: True}) # Add a number format for cells with money.  定义数字格式 money = workbook.add_format({‘num_format‘: ‘$#,##0‘}) # Write some data headers. 带自定义粗体blod格式写表头 worksheet.write(‘A1‘, ‘Item‘, bold) worksheet.write(‘B1‘, ‘Cost‘, bold) # Some data we want to write to the worksheet. expenses = (     [‘Rent‘, 1000],     [‘Gas‘,   100],     [‘Food‘,  300],     [‘Gym‘,    50], ) # Start from the first cell below the headers. row = 1 col = 0 # Iterate over the data and write it out row by row. for item, cost in (expenses):     worksheet.write(row, col,     item)    # 带默认格式写入     worksheet.write(row, col + 1, cost, money)  # 带自定义money格式写入     row += 1 # Write a total using a formula. worksheet.write(row, 0, ‘Total‘,       bold) worksheet.write(row, 1, ‘=SUM(B2:B5)‘, money) workbook.close()

excel写入时间格式

from datetime import datetime import xlsxwriter # Create a workbook and add a worksheet. workbook = xlsxwriter.Workbook(‘Expenses03.xlsx‘) worksheet = workbook.add_worksheet() # Add a bold format to use to highlight cells. bold = workbook.add_format({‘bold‘: 1}) # Add a number format for cells with money. money_format = workbook.add_format({‘num_format‘: ‘$#,##0‘}) # Add an Excel date format. date_format = workbook.add_format({‘num_format‘: ‘mmmm d yyyy‘}) # Adjust the column width. worksheet.set_column(1, 1, 15) # Write some data headers. worksheet.write(‘A1‘, ‘Item‘, bold) worksheet.write(‘B1‘, ‘Date‘, bold) worksheet.write(‘C1‘, ‘Cost‘, bold) # Some data we want to write to the worksheet. expenses = (     [‘Rent‘, ‘2013-01-13‘, 1000],     [‘Gas‘,  ‘2013-01-14‘,  100],     [‘Food‘, ‘2013-01-16‘,  300],     [‘Gym‘,  ‘2013-01-20‘,   50], ) # Start from the first cell below the headers. row = 1 col = 0 for item, date_str, cost in (expenses):     # Convert the date string into a datetime object.     date = datetime.strptime(date_str, "%Y-%m-%d")     worksheet.write_string  (row, col,     item              )     worksheet.write_datetime(row, col + 1, date, date_format )     worksheet.write_number  (row, col + 2, cost, money_format)     row += 1 # Write a total using a formula. worksheet.write(row, 0, ‘Total‘, bold) worksheet.write(row, 2, ‘=SUM(C2:C5)‘, money_format) workbook.close()

@@@ write方法提供了python类型到excel类型的转换， XlsxWriter支持excel工作表最大1048576行记录，16384条列记录，超出可以选择再建新sheet

worksheet.write(0, 0, ‘Hello‘)          # write_string()worksheet.write(1, 0, ‘World‘)          # write_string()worksheet.write(2, 0, 2)                # write_number()worksheet.write(3, 0, 3.00001)          # write_number()worksheet.write(4, 0, ‘=SIN(PI()/4)‘)   # write_formula()worksheet.write(5, 0, ‘‘)               # write_blank()worksheet.write(6, 0, None)             # write_blank()

关于更多字符串、数字、颜色及位置等excel格式：http://xlsxwriter.readthedocs.io/format.html

4，图标

这个是我比较关注的利用excel工具进行图标统计的功能

相比较python的matplotlib的画图模块，excel的图标更加漂亮灵活一些

Chart: Area, Bar, Column, Doughnut, Line, Pie, Scatter, Stock, Radar

workbook = xlswriter.Workbook(‘chart.xls‘)

worksheet = workbook.add_sheet(‘First_example‘) # 普通工作表

建立Chart对象： chart = workbook.add_chart({type, ‘column‘})

将图插入到sheet中： worksheet.insert_chart(‘A7‘, chart)

或者可以建立图表工作表chartsheet

chartsheet = workbook.add_charsheet()

chartsheet.set_char(chart)

柱状图：

import xlsxwriterworkbook = xlsxwriter.Workbook(‘chart.xlsx‘)worksheet = workbook.add_worksheet()# Create a new Chart object.chart = workbook.add_chart({‘type‘: ‘column‘})# Write some data to add to plot on the chart.data = [    [1, 2, 3, 4, 5],    [2, 4, 6, 8, 10],    [3, 6, 9, 12, 15],]worksheet.write_column(‘A1‘, data[0])  # 按列插入worksheet.write_column(‘B1‘, data[1])worksheet.write_column(‘C1‘, data[2])# Configure the chart. In simplest case we add one or more data series.chart.add_series({‘values‘: ‘=Sheet1!$A$1:$A$5‘})chart.add_series({‘values‘: ‘=Sheet1!$B$1:$B$5‘})chart.add_series({‘values‘: ‘=Sheet1!$C$1:$C$5‘})# Insert the chart into the worksheet.worksheet.insert_chart(‘A7‘, chart)workbook.close()

workbook.add_chart({‘type‘:‘column‘}) # 默认格式

技术分享