python Class：面向对象高级编程 Enum(枚举)、@unique，,注：python 3

python Class：面向对象高级编程 Enum(枚举)、@unique，,注：python 3

枚举格式：

from enum import Enum

新类名 = Enum(变量统称名，(变量1，变量2....))

Month = Enum('month', ('Jan', 'Feb', 'Mar', 'Apr', 'May', 'Jun', 'Jul', 'Aug', 'Sep', 'Oct', 'Nov', 'Dec'))

1.

seasons=['Spring','Summer','Fall','Winter']print(list(enumerate(seasons)))

运行结果：

[(0,'Spring'),(1,'Summer'),(2,'Fall'),(3,'Winter')]

2.

fromenumimportEnumMonth=Enum('month',('Jan','Feb','Mar','Apr','May','Jun','Jul','Aug','Sep','Oct','Nov','Dec'))forname,memberinMonth.__members__.items():print(name,'=>',member,',',member.value)

运行结果：

Jan=>month.Jan,1Feb=>month.Feb,2Mar=>month.Mar,3Apr=>month.Apr,4May=>month.May,5Jun=>month.Jun,6Jul=>month.Jul,7Aug=>month.Aug,8Sep=>month.Sep,9Oct=>month.Oct,10Nov=>month.Nov,11Dec=>month.Dec,12

3. 当Class中有重复值时，会返回第一个，其他忽略

fromenumimportEnumclassWeekday(Enum):monday=1tusday=1wensdday=3thursday=9friday=5#print(Weekday(1))forninWeekday:print(n)

运行结果：

Weekday.mondayWeekday.wensddayWeekday.thursdayWeekday.friday

手动打Enum值时，一不小心打错了怎么办，又得一个个找，真麻烦。所以，有人想，如果有个方法能够检查重复值就好了，于是：@unique就出来了

fromenumimportEnum,@uniqueclassWeekday(Enum):monday=1tusday=1wensdday=3thursday=9friday=5print(Weekday(1)

运行结果：

Traceback(mostrecentcalllast):File"/usercode/file.py",line7,in<module>classWeekday(Enum):File"/usr/lib/python3.4/enum.py",line524,inunique(enumeration,alias_details))

4.有人也在想，我就是不改咋地！我能不能通过另一个方法把成员都打印出来？于是：__members__就出来了

fromenumimportEnumclassWeekday(Enum):monday=1tusday=1wensdday=3thursday=9friday=5forn,yinWeekday.__members__.items():print(n,'--',y,'--',y.value)f=Weekday.thursdayprint(f.value)

运行结果：

monday--Weekday.monday--1tusday--Weekday.tusday--1wensdday--Weekday.wensdday--3thursday--Weekday.thursday--9friday--Weekday.friday--59

5.枚举比较：不能比大小！！能比同值

fromenumimportEnum,unique#@uniqueclassWeekday(Enum):monday=1tusday=1wensdday=3thursday=9friday=5print(Weekday.monday==Weekday.wensdday)print(Weekday.tusdayisWeekday.friday)print(Weekday.tusday>Weekday.friday)

运行结果：

FalseFalseTraceback(mostrecentcalllast):File"/usercode/file.py",line16,in<module>print(Weekday.tusday>Weekday.friday)TypeError:unorderabletypes:Weekday()>Weekday()

看到一个很好很好的Blog，这讲的内容，他的比廖某的还要简洁明了。很喜欢。我的怎么乱？我纯粹是做笔记，没想那么多，要改构造想多了反而浪费时间。

https://blog.csdn.net/xionghuixionghui/article/details/66476601

python Class：面向对象高级编程 Enum(枚举)、@unique