python鍩虹，,鏍囩锛?a hre

鏍囩锛?a href='http://www.byrx.net/so/1/size' title='size'>size

Python2.x瀛︿範绗旇

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1.缂栫爜鐨勪慨鏀癸細file->setting->encoding

2.鑴氭湰鐨勬墽琛岋細1>./xxx.py 2>python xxx.py

3.print "True"

a.澶氳璇彞鐨勫啓娉?br>total = item_one + \
item_two + \
item_three
b.璇彞涓寘鍚?[], {} 鎴?() 鎷彿灏变笉闇€瑕佷娇鐢ㄥ琛岃繛鎺ョ銆傚涓嬪疄渚嬶細
days = [鈥楳onday鈥? 鈥楾uesday鈥? 鈥榃ednesday鈥?
鈥楾hursday鈥? 鈥楩riday鈥榏

4.python涓崟琛屾敞閲婇噰鐢?# 寮€澶淬€?/h3>

#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-

5.鏁版嵁绫诲瀷

Numbers锛堟暟瀛楋級锛?br>int锛堟湁绗﹀彿鏁村瀷锛?br>long锛堥暱鏁村瀷[涔熷彲浠ヤ唬琛ㄥ叓杩涘埗鍜屽崄鍏繘鍒禲锛?br>float锛堟诞鐐瑰瀷锛?br>complex锛堝鏁帮級
String锛堝瓧绗︿覆锛?br>xxx[0:2]鎴彇0,1涓や釜瀛楃
List锛堝垪琛級
list = [ 鈥榬unoob鈥? 786 , 2.23, 鈥榡ohn鈥? 70.2 ]
tinylist = [123, 鈥榡ohn鈥榏
print list # 杈撳嚭瀹屾暣鍒楄〃
print list[0] # 杈撳嚭鍒楄〃鐨勭涓€涓厓绱?br>print list[1:3] # 杈撳嚭绗簩涓嚦绗笁涓殑鍏冪礌
print list[2:] # 杈撳嚭浠庣涓変釜寮€濮嬭嚦鍒楄〃鏈熬鐨勬墍鏈夊厓绱?br>print tinylist * 2 # 杈撳嚭鍒楄〃涓ゆ
print list + tinylist # 鎵撳嵃缁勫悎鐨勫垪琛?br>Tuple锛堝厓缁勶級
鍏冪粍鐢?()"鏍囪瘑銆傚唴閮ㄥ厓绱犵敤閫楀彿闅斿紑銆備絾鏄厓缁勪笉鑳戒簩娆¤祴鍊硷紝
鐩稿綋浜庡彧璇诲垪琛ㄣ€?br>tuple = ( 鈥榬unoob鈥? 786 , 2.23, 鈥榡ohn鈥? 70.2 )
print tuple[1:3]
Dictionary锛堝瓧鍏革級
鍒楄〃鏄湁搴忕殑瀵硅薄缁撳悎锛屽瓧鍏告槸鏃犲簭鐨勫璞￠泦鍚?br>dict = {}
dict[鈥榦ne鈥榏 = "This is one"
dict[2] = "This is two"
tinydict = {鈥榥ame鈥? 鈥榡ohn鈥?鈥榗ode鈥?6734, 鈥榙ept鈥? 鈥榮ales鈥榼
print dict[鈥榦ne鈥榏 # 杈撳嚭閿负鈥榦ne鈥?鐨勫€?br>print dict[2] # 杈撳嚭閿负 2 鐨勫€?br>print tinydict # 杈撳嚭瀹屾暣鐨勫瓧鍏?br>print tinydict.keys() # 杈撳嚭鎵€鏈夐敭
print tinydict.values() # 杈撳嚭鎵€鏈夊€?/p>

6.绠楁湳杩愮畻绗?鏁存暟闄ゆ暣鏁板彧鑳藉緱鍒版暣鏁帮紝瑕佸緱鍒板皬鏁伴儴鍒嗭紝瑕佹妸涓€涓暟鏀逛负娴偣鏁?

%鍙栨ā 杩斿洖闄ゆ硶鐨勪綑鏁?b % a 杈撳嚭缁撴灉 0
**骞? 杩斿洖x鐨剏娆″箓锛坸**y锛?
//鍙栨暣闄? 杩斿洖鍟嗙殑鏁存暟閮ㄥ垎9//2 杈撳嚭缁撴灉 4 , 9.0//2.0 杈撳嚭缁撴灉 4.0
==绛変簬 姣旇緝瀵硅薄鏄惁鐩哥瓑(a == b) 杩斿洖 False銆?br>!=涓嶇瓑浜? 姣旇緝涓や釜瀵硅薄鏄惁涓嶇浉绛?(a != b) 杩斿洖 true.
<>涓嶇瓑浜?姣旇緝涓や釜瀵硅薄鏄惁涓嶇浉绛夛紝杩欎釜杩愮畻绗︾被浼?!=
+=鍔犳硶璧嬪€艰繍绠楃c += a 绛夋晥浜?c = c + a
//=鍙栨暣闄よ祴鍊艰繍绠楃c //= a 绛夋晥浜?c = c // a
鎸変綅杩愮畻绗︽槸鎶婃暟瀛楃湅浣滀簩杩涘埗鏉ヨ繘琛岃绠楃殑锛?br>&鎸変綅涓庤繍绠楃锛氫袱涓兘涓?鍒欑粨鏋滀负1
|鎴栵細涓€涓负1锛岀粨鏋滃氨涓?
^寮傛垨锛氱浉寮傛椂涓?
~鍙栧弽:
<<宸︾Щ: a=0011 1100 ,a<<2 --------->1111 0000
>>鍙崇Щ
andx and y甯冨皵"涓? 濡傛灉 x 涓?true,杩斿洖 y ,鍚﹀垯杩斿洖鑷韩
orx or y甯冨皵"鎴? 濡傛灉 x 鏄潪 0锛屽畠杩斿洖 x 鐨勫€硷紝鍚﹀垯瀹冭繑鍥?y
notnot x甯冨皵"闈? 濡傛灉 x 涓?True锛岃繑鍥?False
in濡傛灉鍦ㄦ寚瀹氱殑搴忓垪涓壘鍒板€艰繑鍥?True锛屽惁鍒欒繑鍥?False
not in鐩稿弽
is鍒ゆ柇涓や釜鏍囪瘑绗︽槸涓嶆槸寮曠敤鑷竴涓璞?x is y
is not
a=2.0锛宐=2.0杩欎袱涓鍙ユ椂浼氬厛鍚庝负2.0杩欎釜Float绫诲瀷瀵硅薄鍒嗛厤鍐呭瓨锛岀劧鍚庡皢a涓巄鍒嗗埆鎸囧悜
杩欎袱涓璞°€傛墍浠涓巄鎸囧悜鐨勪笉鏄悓涓€瀵硅薄锛?br>a=2.0
b=2.0
a is b # 缁撴灉涓篎alse
瀵逛竴浜涙暟鍊艰緝灏忕殑int瀵硅薄锛宲ython閲囧彇閲嶇敤瀵硅薄鍐呭瓨鐨勫姙娉曪紝濡傛寚鍚慳=2锛宐=2鏃讹紝
python涓嶄細涓ゆ涓哄叾鍒嗛厤鍐呭瓨锛岃€屾槸鍙垎閰嶄竴娆★紝鐒跺悗灏哸涓巄鍚屾椂鎸囧悜宸插垎閰嶇殑瀵硅薄锛?br>a=2
b=2
a is b # 缁撴灉涓篢rue
濡備絾鏋滆祴鍊肩殑涓嶆槸2鑰屾槸澶х殑鏁板€硷紝鎯呭喌灏辫窡鍓嶉潰鐨勪竴鏍蜂簡锛?br>a=4444
b=4444
a is b # 缁撴灉涓篎alse
濡傛灉鍙橀噺鍐欏湪鍚屼竴琛?灏嗕細鎸囧悜鍚屼竴涓璞?br>>>> a=4444; b=4444; # 鍐欏湪鍚屼竴琛?br>>>> a is b
True

7.杩愮畻绗︾殑浼樺厛绾?/span>

**鎸囨暟 (鏈€楂樹紭鍏堢骇)
~ + -鎸変綅缈昏浆, 涓€鍏冨姞鍙峰拰鍑忓彿 (鏈€鍚庝袱涓殑鏂规硶鍚嶄负 +@ 鍜?-@)
* / % //涔橈紝闄わ紝鍙栨ā鍜屽彇鏁撮櫎
+ -鍔犳硶鍑忔硶
>> <<鍙崇Щ锛屽乏绉昏繍绠楃
&浣?鈥楢ND鈥?br>^ |浣嶈繍绠楃
<= < > >=姣旇緝杩愮畻绗?br><> == !=绛変簬杩愮畻绗?br>= %= /= //= -= += *= **=璧嬪€艰繍绠楃
is is not韬唤杩愮畻绗?br>in not in鎴愬憳杩愮畻绗?br>not or and閫昏緫杩愮畻绗?/p>

8.鏉′欢璇彞

1>if name == 鈥榩ython鈥?
print 鈥榳elcome boss鈥?br>else:
print name
2> if 鍒ゆ柇鏉′欢1:
鎵ц璇彞1
elif 鍒ゆ柇鏉′欢3:
鎵ц璇彞2
else:

9.寰幆

1> while鍙互涓巈lse涓€璧蜂娇鐢?br>while count < 5:
print count, " is less than 5"
count = count + 1
else:
print count, " is not less than 5"

2>(1)鍩虹for
for letter in 鈥楶ython鈥?
print 鈥樺綋鍓嶅瓧姣?:鈥? letter

(2) 閫氳繃搴忓垪绱㈠紩杩唬
fruits = [鈥榖anana鈥? 鈥榓pple鈥? 鈥榤ango鈥榏
for index in range(len(fruits)):
print 鈥樺綋鍓嶆按鏋?:鈥? fruits[index]
(3)for涓殑璇彞鍜屾櫘閫氱殑娌℃湁鍖哄埆锛宔lse 涓殑璇彞浼氬湪寰幆姝ｅ父鎵ц瀹?br>(鍗?for 涓嶆槸閫氳繃 break 璺冲嚭鑰屼腑鏂殑)鐨勬儏鍐典笅鎵ц锛寃hile 鈥?else 涔熸槸涓€鏍?br>for num in range(10,20): # 杩唬 10 鍒?20 涔嬮棿鐨勬暟瀛?br>for i in range(2,num): # 鏍规嵁鍥犲瓙杩唬
if num%i == 0: # 纭畾绗竴涓洜瀛?br>j=num/i # 璁＄畻绗簩涓洜瀛?br>print 鈥?d 绛変簬 %d * %d鈥?% (num,i,j)
break # 璺冲嚭褰撳墠寰幆
else: # 寰幆鐨?else 閮ㄥ垎
print num, 鈥樻槸涓€涓川鏁扳€?/p>

10.Python涓璫ontinue 璇彞璺冲嚭鏈寰幆锛岃€宐reak璺冲嚭鏁翠釜寰幆

--------------------------------------second-----------------------------------------------

*****************************************11.鏃堕棿澶勭悊

甯哥敤鐨勬ā鍧楋細time,calendar,datetime,pytz,dateutil

鏍煎紡鍖栨棩鏈?br>浣跨敤time妯″潡鐨剆trftime鏂规硶鏉ユ牸寮忓寲鏃ユ湡锛歵ime.strftime(format[, t])
import time
# 鏍煎紡鍖栨垚2016-04-07 10:25:09褰㈠紡
print time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", time.localtime())

# 鏍煎紡鍖栨垚Thu Apr 07 10:25:09 2016褰㈠紡
print time.strftime("%a %b %d %H:%M:%S %Y", time.localtime())

# 灏嗘牸寮忓瓧绗︿覆杞崲涓烘椂闂存埑(1459175064.0)
a = "Sat Mar 28 22:24:24 2016"
print time.mktime(time.strptime(a,"%a %b %d %H:%M:%S %Y"))

#time.time杩斿洖褰撳墠鏃堕棿鎴?/p>

*******************************12.鍑芥暟(渚濋潬缂╄繘鏉ユ帶鍒跺嚱鏁扮殑浣滅敤鍩?

瀹炰緥1
def printme( str ):
"鎵撳嵃浠讳綍浼犲叆鐨勫瓧绗︿覆"
print str;
return;
# 璋冪敤鍑芥暟
printme("鎴戣璋冪敤鐢ㄦ埛鑷畾涔夊嚱鏁?");

鍙橀噺鏄病鏈夌被鍨嬬殑

1.python 鍑芥暟鐨勫弬鏁颁紶閫掞細

涓嶅彲鍙樼被鍨嬶細绫讳技 c++ 鐨勫€间紶閫掞紝濡?鏁存暟銆佸瓧绗︿覆銆佸厓缁勩€傚fun锛坅锛夛紝浼犻€掔殑鍙槸a鐨勫€硷紝
娌℃湁褰卞搷a瀵硅薄鏈韩銆傛瘮濡傚湪 fun锛坅锛夊唴閮ㄤ慨鏀?a 鐨勫€硷紝鍙槸淇敼鍙︿竴涓鍒剁殑瀵硅薄锛?br>涓嶄細褰卞搷 a 鏈韩銆?br>鍙彉绫诲瀷:绫讳技 c++ 鐨勫紩鐢ㄤ紶閫掞紝濡?鍒楄〃锛屽瓧鍏搞€傚 fun锛坙a锛夛紝鍒欐槸灏?la 鐪熸鐨勪紶杩囧幓锛?br> 淇敼鍚巉un澶栭儴鐨刲a涔熶細鍙楀奖鍝?/p>

2.璋冪敤鍑芥暟鏃跺彲浣跨敤鐨勬寮忓弬鏁扮被鍨嬶細
蹇呭鍙傛暟

鍏抽敭瀛楀弬鏁?br>
榛樿鍙傛暟

涓嶅畾闀垮弬鏁?br>3.return璇彞[琛ㄨ揪寮廬閫€鍑哄嚱鏁帮紝閫夋嫨鎬у湴鍚戣皟鐢ㄦ柟杩斿洖涓€涓〃杈惧紡銆?br>涓嶅甫鍙傛暟鍊肩殑return璇彞杩斿洖None銆?/p>

*********************************13.妯″潡

妯″潡(Module)鏄竴涓互.py缁撳熬鐨凱ython 鏂囦欢,鍖呭惈浜哖ython瀵硅薄瀹氫箟鍜孭ython璇彞銆?/p>

1.妯″潡鐨勫鍏mport math,璋冪敤:妯″潡鍚?鍑芥暟鍚?/p>

2.From鈥mport 瀵煎叆妯″潡鐨勪竴閮ㄥ垎鍑芥暟

3.Python 瑙ｆ瀽鍣ㄥ妯″潡浣嶇疆鐨勬悳绱㈤『搴忔槸锛?br>1>褰撳墠鐩綍
2>濡傛灉涓嶅湪褰撳墠鐩綍锛孭ython 鍒欐悳绱㈠湪 shell 鍙橀噺 PYTHONPATH 涓嬬殑姣忎釜鐩綍銆?br>PYTHONPATH 鐢辫鍦ㄤ竴涓垪琛ㄩ噷鐨勮澶氱洰褰曠粍鎴愩€侾YTHONPATH 鐨勮娉曞拰
shell 鍙橀噺 PATH 鐨勪竴鏍枫€?br>Windows涓嬶細
set PYTHONPATH=c:\python27\lib;
UNIX涓嬶細
set PYTHONPATH=/usr/local/lib/python
3>濡傛灉閮芥壘涓嶅埌锛孭ython浼氬療鐪嬮粯璁よ矾寰勩€俇NIX涓嬶紝榛樿璺緞涓€鑸负/usr/local/lib/python/銆?br>4.濡傛灉鎯冲湪鍑芥暟鍐呬慨鏀瑰叏灞€鍙橀噺锛屽垯蹇呴』鍏堢敤global淇グ
Money = 2000
def AddMoney():
global Money
Money = Money + 1
5.鐩稿叧鐨勫嚑涓嚱鏁?br>dir()杩斿洖妯″潡涓畾涔夎繃鐨勫悕瀛楋紝瀛楃涓插垪琛?br>globals()鍜宭ocals()鍑芥暟(杩斿洖绫诲瀷鏄瓧鍏?:
鍦ㄥ嚱鏁板唴閮ㄨ皟鐢?locals()锛岃繑鍥炵殑鏄墍鏈夎兘鍦ㄨ鍑芥暟閲岃闂殑鍛藉悕銆?br>濡傛灉鍦ㄥ嚱鏁板唴閮ㄨ皟鐢?globals()锛岃繑鍥炵殑鏄墍鏈夊湪璇ュ嚱鏁伴噷鑳借闂殑鍏ㄥ眬鍚嶅瓧銆?br>reload() 鍑芥暟
6.Python涓殑鍖?br>鍖呭氨鏄枃浠跺す锛屼絾璇ユ枃浠跺す涓嬪繀椤诲瓨鍦?__init__.py 鏂囦欢, 璇ユ枃浠剁殑鍐呭鍙互涓虹┖銆?br>__int__.py鐢ㄤ簬鏍囪瘑褰撳墠鏂囦欢澶规槸涓€涓寘

**************************************14.鏂囦欢IO

1.print
鍙互浼犻€掑涓敤閫楀彿闅斿紑鐨勮〃杈惧紡
2.閿洏杈撳叆
a.raw_input鍑芥暟
raw_input([prompt]) 鍑芥暟浠庢爣鍑嗚緭鍏ヨ鍙栦竴涓锛?br>骞惰繑鍥炰竴涓瓧绗︿覆(鍘绘帀缁撳熬鐨勬崲琛岀)
str = raw_input("璇疯緭鍏ワ細");
print "浣犺緭鍏ョ殑鍐呭鏄? ", str
b.input鍑芥暟
涓庝笂闈㈢被浼糹nput鍑芥暟
浣嗘槸input鍙互鎺ユ敹涓€涓狿ython琛ㄨ揪寮忎綔涓鸿緭鍏ワ紝骞跺皢杩愮畻缁撴灉杩斿洖銆?br>3.鎵撳紑鍜屽叧闂枃浠?br>file object = open(file_name [, access_mode][, buffering])
鏂囦欢璺緞锛屾墦寮€妯″紡锛岀紦瀛樿缃?br>鎵撳紑妯″紡锛歳璇伙紝r+璇诲啓锛寃鍒涘缓涓€涓枃浠?浼氳鐩?锛寃+鍒涘缓涓€涓枃浠剁敤浜庤鍐?br>file瀵硅薄鐨勫睘鎬э細
file.closed杩斿洖true濡傛灉鏂囦欢宸茶鍏抽棴锛?br>file.mode杩斿洖琚墦寮€鏂囦欢鐨勮闂ā寮忋€?br>file.name杩斿洖鏂囦欢鐨勫悕绉般€?br>file.softspace濡傛灉鐢╬rint杈撳嚭鍚?蹇呴』璺熶竴涓┖鏍肩,鍒欒繑鍥瀎alse
close()鏂规硶鍒锋柊缂撳啿鍖洪噷浠讳綍杩樻病鍐欏叆鐨勪俊鎭紝骞跺叧闂鏂囦欢锛岃繖涔嬪悗渚夸笉鑳藉啀杩涜鍐欏叆
write()灏嗗瓧绗︿覆鍐欏叆涓€涓墦寮€鐨勬枃浠?Python瀛楃涓茶繕鍙互鏄簩杩涘埗鏁版嵁锛?br>涓嶄細鍦ㄥ瓧绗︿覆鐨勭粨灏炬坊鍔犳崲琛岀(鈥榎n鈥?
read()鏂规硶浠庝竴涓墦寮€鐨勬枃浠朵腑璇诲彇涓€涓瓧绗︿覆
4.鏂囦欢瀹氫綅
fo = open("foo.txt", "r+")
str = fo.read(10);
print "璇诲彇鐨勫瓧绗︿覆鏄?: ", str

# 鏌ユ壘褰撳墠浣嶇疆
position = fo.tell();
print "褰撳墠鏂囦欢浣嶇疆 : ", position

# 鎶婃寚閽堝啀娆￠噸鏂板畾浣嶅埌鏂囦欢寮€澶?br>position = fo.seek(0, 0);
str = fo.read(10);
print "閲嶆柊璇诲彇瀛楃涓?: ", str
# 鍏抽棴鎵撳紑鐨勬枃浠?br>fo.close()
5.閲嶅懡鍚嶏細os.rename(old,new) 鍒犻櫎:os.remove(filename)
6.鐩綍鎿嶄綔
浣跨敤os妯″潡鐨刴kdir("test1")鏂规硶鍦ㄥ綋鍓嶇洰褰曚笅鍒涘缓鏂扮殑鐩綍
鐢╟hdir("ha")鏂规硶鏉ユ敼鍙樺綋鍓嶇殑鐩綍銆傚皢褰撳墠鐩綍璁剧疆鎴恏a
rmdir()鍒犻櫎鐩綍

**********************************15.寮傚父澶勭悊

1.try....except....
try:
fh = open("testfile", "w")
fh.write("杩欐槸涓€涓祴璇曟枃浠讹紝鐢ㄤ簬娴嬭瘯寮傚父!!")
except IOError:
print "Error: 娌℃湁鎵惧埌鏂囦欢鎴栬鍙栨枃浠跺け璐?
else:
print "鍐呭鍐欏叆鏂囦欢鎴愬姛"
fh.close()
2.try....finally....except

python鍩虹

鏍囩锛?a href='http://www.byrx.net/so/1/size' title='size'>size

鍘熸枃鍦板潃锛歨ttp://www.cnblogs.com/feiyumo/p/7360440.html