python鏂囦欢鎿嶄綔，,鏍囩锛?/p>鎬绘

鏍囩锛?/p>

鎬绘槸璁颁笉浣廇PI銆傛槰鏅氬啓鐨勬椂鍊欑敤鍒颁簡杩欎簺锛屼絾鏄病璁颁綇锛屼簬鏄氨绱㈡€ф暣鐞嗕竴涓嬪惂锛?/p>

python涓鏂囦欢銆佹枃浠跺す锛堟枃浠舵搷浣滃嚱鏁帮級鐨勬搷浣滈渶瑕佹秹鍙婂埌os妯″潡鍜?/strong>shutil妯″潡銆?/strong>

寰楀埌褰撳墠宸ヤ綔鐩綍锛屽嵆褰撳墠Python鑴氭湰宸ヤ綔鐨勭洰褰曡矾寰?os.getcwd()

杩斿洖鎸囧畾鐩綍涓嬬殑鎵€鏈夋枃浠跺拰鐩綍鍚?os.listdir()

鍑芥暟鐢ㄦ潵鍒犻櫎涓€涓枃浠?os.remove()

鍒犻櫎澶氫釜鐩綍锛?strong>os.removedirs锛?/strong>r“c锛?/strong>\python”锛?/strong>

妫€楠岀粰鍑虹殑璺緞鏄惁鏄竴涓枃浠讹細os.path.isfile()

妫€楠岀粰鍑虹殑璺緞鏄惁鏄竴涓洰褰曪細os.path.isdir()

鍒ゆ柇鏄惁鏄粷瀵硅矾寰勶細os.path.isabs()

妫€楠岀粰鍑虹殑璺緞鏄惁鐪熷湴瀛?os.path.exists()

杩斿洖涓€涓矾寰勭殑鐩綍鍚嶅拰鏂囦欢鍚?os.path.split() eg os.path.split(鈥?home/swaroop/byte/code/poem.txt鈥? 缁撴灉锛?鈥?home/swaroop/byte/code鈥? 鈥榩oem.txt鈥?

鍒嗙鎵╁睍鍚嶏細os.path.splitext()

鑾峰彇璺緞鍚嶏細os.path.dirname()

鑾峰彇鏂囦欢鍚嶏細os.path.basename()

杩愯shell鍛戒护:os.system()

璇诲彇鍜岃缃幆澧冨彉閲?os.getenv() 涓?/strong>os.putenv()

缁欏嚭褰撳墠骞冲彴浣跨敤鐨勮缁堟绗?os.linesepWindows浣跨敤鈥榎r\n鈥橈紝Linux浣跨敤鈥榎n鈥樿€孧ac浣跨敤鈥榎r鈥?/p>

鎸囩ず浣犳鍦ㄤ娇鐢ㄧ殑骞冲彴锛?strong>os.name 瀵逛簬Windows锛屽畠鏄€榥t鈥橈紝鑰屽浜嶭inux/Unix鐢ㄦ埛锛屽畠鏄€榩osix鈥?/p>

閲嶅懡鍚嶏細os.rename锛?/strong>old锛?/strong> new锛?/strong>

鍒涘缓澶氱骇鐩綍锛?strong>os.makedirs锛?/strong>r“c锛?/strong>\python\test”锛?/strong>

鍒涘缓鍗曚釜鐩綍锛?strong>os.mkdir锛?/strong>“test”锛?/strong>

鑾峰彇鏂囦欢灞炴€э細os.stat锛?/strong>file锛?/strong>

淇敼鏂囦欢鏉冮檺涓庢椂闂存埑锛?strong>os.chmod锛?/strong>file锛?/strong>

缁堟褰撳墠杩涚▼锛?strong>os.exit锛堬級

鑾峰彇鏂囦欢澶у皬锛?strong>os.path.getsize锛?/strong>filename锛?/strong>

鏂囦欢鎿嶄綔锛?/strong>
os.mknod("test.txt") 鍒涘缓绌烘枃浠?br />fp = open("test.txt",w) 鐩存帴鎵撳紑涓€涓枃浠讹紝濡傛灉鏂囦欢涓嶅瓨鍦ㄥ垯鍒涘缓鏂囦欢

鍏充簬open 妯″紡锛?/p>

w浠ュ啓鏂瑰紡鎵撳紑锛?br />a浠ヨ拷鍔犳ā寮忔墦寮€ (浠?EOF 寮€濮? 蹇呰鏃跺垱寤烘柊鏂囦欢)
r+浠ヨ鍐欐ā寮忔墦寮€
w+浠ヨ鍐欐ā寮忔墦寮€ (鍙傝 w )
a+浠ヨ鍐欐ā寮忔墦寮€ (鍙傝 a )
rb浠ヤ簩杩涘埗璇绘ā寮忔墦寮€
wb浠ヤ簩杩涘埗鍐欐ā寮忔墦寮€ (鍙傝 w )
ab浠ヤ簩杩涘埗杩藉姞妯″紡鎵撳紑 (鍙傝 a )
rb+浠ヤ簩杩涘埗璇诲啓妯″紡鎵撳紑 (鍙傝 r+ )
wb+浠ヤ簩杩涘埗璇诲啓妯″紡鎵撳紑 (鍙傝 w+ )
ab+浠ヤ簩杩涘埗璇诲啓妯″紡鎵撳紑 (鍙傝 a+ )

fp.read([size])#size涓鸿鍙栫殑闀垮害锛屼互byte涓哄崟浣?/p>

fp.readline([size])#璇讳竴琛岋紝濡傛灉瀹氫箟浜唖ize锛屾湁鍙兘杩斿洖鐨勫彧鏄竴琛岀殑涓€閮ㄥ垎

fp.readlines([size])#鎶婃枃浠舵瘡涓€琛屼綔涓轰竴涓猯ist鐨勪竴涓垚鍛橈紝骞惰繑鍥炶繖涓猯ist銆傚叾瀹炲畠鐨勫唴閮ㄦ槸閫氳繃寰幆璋冪敤readline()鏉ュ疄鐜扮殑銆傚鏋滄彁渚泂ize鍙傛暟锛宻ize鏄〃绀鸿鍙栧唴瀹圭殑鎬婚暱锛屼篃灏辨槸璇村彲鑳藉彧璇诲埌鏂囦欢鐨勪竴閮ㄥ垎銆?/p>

fp.write(str)#鎶妔tr鍐欏埌鏂囦欢涓紝write()骞朵笉浼氬湪str鍚庡姞涓婁竴涓崲琛岀

fp.writelines(seq)#鎶妔eq鐨勫唴瀹瑰叏閮ㄥ啓鍒版枃浠朵腑(澶氳涓€娆℃€у啓鍏?銆傝繖涓嚱鏁颁篃鍙槸蹇犲疄鍦板啓鍏ワ紝涓嶄細鍦ㄦ瘡琛屽悗闈㈠姞涓婁换浣曚笢瑗裤€?/p>

fp.close()#鍏抽棴鏂囦欢銆俻ython浼氬湪涓€涓枃浠朵笉鐢ㄥ悗鑷姩鍏抽棴鏂囦欢锛屼笉杩囪繖涓€鍔熻兘娌℃湁淇濊瘉锛屾渶濂借繕鏄吇鎴愯嚜宸卞叧闂殑涔犳儻銆?nbsp; 濡傛灉涓€涓枃浠跺湪鍏抽棴鍚庤繕瀵瑰叾杩涜鎿嶄綔浼氫骇鐢烿alueError

fp.flush() #鎶婄紦鍐插尯鐨勫唴瀹瑰啓鍏ョ‖鐩?/p>

fp.fileno() #杩斿洖涓€涓暱鏁村瀷鐨?rdquo;鏂囦欢鏍囩“

fp.isatty() #鏂囦欢鏄惁鏄竴涓粓绔澶囨枃浠讹紙unix绯荤粺涓殑锛?/p>

fp.tell() #杩斿洖鏂囦欢鎿嶄綔鏍囪鐨勫綋鍓嶄綅缃紝浠ユ枃浠剁殑寮€澶翠负鍘熺偣

fp.next() #杩斿洖涓嬩竴琛岋紝骞跺皢鏂囦欢鎿嶄綔鏍囪浣嶇Щ鍒颁笅涓€琛屻€傛妸涓€涓猣ile鐢ㄤ簬for … in file杩欐牱鐨勮鍙ユ椂锛屽氨鏄皟鐢╪ext()鍑芥暟鏉ュ疄鐜伴亶鍘嗙殑銆?/p>

fp.seek(offset[,whence])#灏嗘枃浠舵墦鎿嶄綔鏍囪绉诲埌offset鐨勪綅缃€傝繖涓猳ffset涓€鑸槸鐩稿浜庢枃浠剁殑寮€澶存潵璁＄畻鐨勶紝涓€鑸负姝ｆ暟銆備絾濡傛灉鎻愪緵浜唚hence鍙傛暟灏变笉涓€瀹氫簡锛寃hence鍙互涓?琛ㄧず浠庡ご寮€濮嬭绠楋紝1琛ㄧず浠ュ綋鍓嶄綅缃负鍘熺偣璁＄畻銆?琛ㄧず浠ユ枃浠舵湯灏句负鍘熺偣杩涜璁＄畻銆傞渶瑕佹敞鎰忥紝濡傛灉鏂囦欢浠鎴朼+鐨勬ā寮忔墦寮€锛屾瘡娆¤繘琛屽啓鎿嶄綔鏃讹紝鏂囦欢鎿嶄綔鏍囪浼氳嚜鍔ㄨ繑鍥炲埌鏂囦欢鏈熬銆?/p>

fp.truncate([size])#鎶婃枃浠惰鎴愯瀹氱殑澶у皬锛岄粯璁ょ殑鏄鍒板綋鍓嶆枃浠舵搷浣滄爣璁扮殑浣嶇疆銆傚鏋渟ize姣旀枃浠剁殑澶у皬杩樿澶э紝渚濇嵁绯荤粺鐨勪笉鍚屽彲鑳芥槸涓嶆敼鍙樻枃浠讹紝涔熷彲鑳芥槸鐢?鎶婃枃浠惰ˉ鍒扮浉搴旂殑澶у皬锛屼篃鍙兘鏄互涓€浜涢殢鏈虹殑鍐呭鍔犱笂鍘汇€?/p>

鐩綍鎿嶄綔锛?/strong>
os.mkdir("file")鍒涘缓鐩綍
澶嶅埗鏂囦欢锛?br />shutil.copyfile("oldfile","newfile") oldfile鍜宯ewfile閮藉彧鑳芥槸鏂囦欢
shutil.copy("oldfile","newfile")oldfile鍙兘鏄枃浠跺す锛宯ewfile鍙互鏄枃浠讹紝涔熷彲浠ユ槸鐩爣鐩綍
澶嶅埗鏂囦欢澶癸細
shutil.copytree("olddir","newdir")olddir鍜宯ewdir閮藉彧鑳芥槸鐩綍锛屼笖newdir蹇呴』涓嶅瓨鍦?br />閲嶅懡鍚嶆枃浠讹紙鐩綍锛?br />os.rename("oldname","newname") 鏂囦欢鎴栫洰褰曢兘鏄娇鐢ㄨ繖鏉″懡浠?br />绉诲姩鏂囦欢锛堢洰褰曪級
shutil.move("oldpos","newpos")
鍒犻櫎鏂囦欢
os.remove("file")
鍒犻櫎鐩綍
os.rmdir("dir")鍙兘鍒犻櫎绌虹洰褰?br />shutil.rmtree("dir") 绌虹洰褰曘€佹湁鍐呭鐨勭洰褰曢兘鍙互鍒?br />杞崲鐩綍
os.chdir("path") 鎹㈣矾寰?/p>

鐩稿叧渚嬪瓙

1灏嗘枃浠跺す涓嬫墍鏈夊浘鐗囧悕绉板姞涓娾€榑fc鈥?/p>

python浠ｇ爜:

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import re
import os
import time
#str.split(string)鍒嗗壊瀛楃涓?br />#鈥樿繛鎺ョ鈥?join(list) 灏嗗垪琛ㄧ粍鎴愬瓧绗︿覆
def change_name(path):
global i
if not os.path.isdir(path) and not os.path.isfile(path):
return False
if os.path.isfile(path):
file_path =os.path.split(path)#鍒嗗壊鍑虹洰褰曚笌鏂囦欢
lists =file_path[1].split(鈥?鈥?#鍒嗗壊鍑烘枃浠朵笌鏂囦欢鎵╁睍鍚?br /> file_ext = lists[-1]#鍙栧嚭鍚庣紑鍚?鍒楄〃鍒囩墖鎿嶄綔)
img_ext =[鈥榖mp鈥?鈥榡peg鈥?鈥榞if鈥?鈥榩sd鈥?鈥榩ng鈥?鈥榡pg鈥榏
if file_ext in img_ext:
os.rename(path,file_path[0]+鈥?鈥?lists[0]+鈥榑fc.鈥?file_ext)
i+=1#娉ㄦ剰杩欓噷鐨刬鏄竴涓櫡闃?br /> #鎴栬€?br /> #img_ext =鈥榖mp|jpeg|gif|psd|png|jpg鈥?br /> #if file_ext in img_ext:
# print(鈥榦k---鈥?file_ext)
elif os.path.isdir(path):
for x in os.listdir(path):
change_name(os.path.join(path,x))#os.path.join()鍦ㄨ矾寰勫鐞嗕笂寰堟湁鐢?/p>

img_dir = 鈥楧:\\xx\\xx\\images鈥?br />img_dir = img_dir.replace(鈥榎\鈥?鈥?鈥?
start = time.time()
i = 0
change_name(img_dir)
c = time.time() - start
print(鈥樼▼搴忚繍琛岃€楁椂:%0.2f鈥?(c))
print(鈥樻€诲叡澶勭悊浜?%s 寮犲浘鐗団€?(i))

杈撳嚭缁撴灉锛?/p>

绋嬪簭杩愯鑰楁椂:0.11
鎬诲叡澶勭悊浜?109 寮犲浘鐗?/p>

Python锛氭枃浠剁殑璇诲彇銆佸垱寤恒€佽拷鍔犮€佸垹闄ゃ€佹竻绌?/h1>

涓€銆佺敤Python鍒涘缓涓€涓柊鏂囦欢锛屽唴瀹规槸浠?鍒?鐨勬暣鏁? 姣忎釜鏁板瓧鍗犱竴琛岋細
#python
>>>f=open(鈥榝.txt鈥?鈥榳鈥? # r鍙锛寃鍙啓锛宎杩藉姞
>>>for i in range(0,10):f.write(str(i)+鈥榎n鈥?
. . .
>>> f.close()
浜屻€佹枃浠跺唴瀹硅拷鍔狅紝浠?鍒?鐨?0涓殢鏈烘暣鏁帮細
#python
>>>import random
>>>f=open(鈥榝.txt鈥?鈥榓鈥?
>>>for i in range(0,10):f.write(str(random.randint(0,9)))
. . .
>>>f.write(鈥榎n鈥?
>>>f.close()
涓夈€佹枃浠跺唴瀹硅拷鍔狅紝浠?鍒?鐨勯殢鏈烘暣鏁? 10涓暟瀛椾竴琛岋紝鍏?0琛岋細
#python
>>> import random
>>> f=open(鈥榝.txt鈥?鈥榓鈥?
>>> for i in range(0,10):
. . . for i inrange(0,10):f.write(str(random.randint(0,9)))
. . . f.write(鈥榎n鈥?
. . .
>>> f.close()
鍥涖€佹妸鏍囧噯杈撳嚭瀹氬悜鍒版枃浠讹細
#python
>>> import sys
>>> sys.stdout = open("stdout.txt", "w")
>>> . . .

浜斻€佹枃浠剁殑璇诲啓

涓€銆佹枃浠舵墦寮€:

f = file(name[, mode[,buffering]])

鍏ュ彛鍙傛暟: name 鏂囦欢鍚?/p>

mode 閫夐」,瀛楃涓?/p>

buffering 鏄惁缂撳啿 (0=涓嶇紦鍐诧紝1=缂撳啿, >1鐨刬nt鏁?缂撳啿鍖哄ぇ灏?

杩斿洖鍊?: 鏂囦欢瀵硅薄

mode 閫夐」:

"r"浠ヨ鏂瑰紡鎵撳紑锛屽彧鑳借鏂囦欢 锛?濡傛灉鏂囦欢涓嶅瓨鍦紝浼氬彂鐢熷紓甯?nbsp;

"w" 浠ュ啓鏂瑰紡鎵撳紑锛屽彧鑳藉啓鏂囦欢锛?濡傛灉鏂囦欢涓嶅瓨鍦紝鍒涘缓璇ユ枃浠?/p>

濡傛灉鏂囦欢宸插瓨鍦紝鍏堟竻绌猴紝鍐嶆墦寮€鏂囦欢

"rb"浠ヤ簩杩涘埗璇绘柟寮忔墦寮€锛屽彧鑳借鏂囦欢 锛?濡傛灉鏂囦欢涓嶅瓨鍦紝浼氬彂鐢熷紓甯?nbsp;

"wb" 浠ヤ簩杩涘埗鍐欐柟寮忔墦寮€锛屽彧鑳藉啓鏂囦欢锛?濡傛灉鏂囦欢涓嶅瓨鍦紝鍒涘缓璇ユ枃浠?/p>

濡傛灉鏂囦欢宸插瓨鍦紝鍏堟竻绌猴紝鍐嶆墦寮€鏂囦欢

"rt"浠ユ枃鏈鏂瑰紡鎵撳紑锛屽彧鑳借鏂囦欢 锛?濡傛灉鏂囦欢涓嶅瓨鍦紝浼氬彂鐢熷紓甯?nbsp;

"wt" 浠ユ枃鏈啓鏂瑰紡鎵撳紑锛屽彧鑳藉啓鏂囦欢锛?濡傛灉鏂囦欢涓嶅瓨鍦紝鍒涘缓璇ユ枃浠?/p>

濡傛灉鏂囦欢宸插瓨鍦紝鍏堟竻绌猴紝鍐嶆墦寮€鏂囦欢

"rb+"浠ヤ簩杩涘埗璇绘柟寮忔墦寮€锛屽彲浠ヨ銆佸啓鏂囦欢 锛?濡傛灉鏂囦欢涓嶅瓨鍦紝浼氬彂鐢熷紓甯?nbsp;

"wb+" 浠ヤ簩杩涘埗鍐欐柟寮忔墦寮€锛屽彲浠ヨ銆佸啓鏂囦欢锛?濡傛灉鏂囦欢涓嶅瓨鍦紝鍒涘缓璇ユ枃浠?/p>

濡傛灉鏂囦欢宸插瓨鍦紝鍏堟竻绌猴紝鍐嶆墦寮€鏂囦欢

浜屻€佸叧闂枃浠?/p>

f.close()

褰撴枃浠惰鍐欏畬姣曞悗锛屽簲鍏抽棴鏂囦欢銆?/p>

涓夈€佹竻绌烘枃浠跺唴瀹?/p>

f.truncate()

娉ㄦ剰锛氫粎褰撲互"r+" "rb+""w" "wb" "wb+"绛変互鍙啓妯″紡鎵撳紑鐨勬枃浠舵墠鍙互鎵ц璇ュ姛鑳姐€?/p>

鍥涖€佹枃浠剁殑鎸囬拡瀹氫綅涓庢煡璇?/p>

锛?锛夋枃浠舵寚閽堬細

鏂囦欢琚墦寮€鍚庯紝鍏跺璞′繚瀛樺湪 f 涓紝 瀹冧細璁颁綇鏂囦欢鐨勫綋鍓嶄綅缃?浠ヤ究浜庢墽琛岃銆佸啓鎿嶄綔锛岃繖涓綅缃О涓烘枃浠剁殑鎸囬拡( 涓€涓粠鏂囦欢澶撮儴寮€濮嬭绠楃殑瀛楄妭鏁?long 绫诲瀷 )銆?/p>

锛?锛夋枃浠舵墦寮€鏃剁殑浣嶇疆:

浠?r""r+" "rb+" 璇绘柟寮? "w""w+" "wb+"鍐欐柟寮?鎵撳紑鐨勬枃浠讹紝

涓€寮€濮嬶紝鏂囦欢鎸囬拡鍧囨寚鍚戞枃浠剁殑澶撮儴銆?/p>

(3) 鑾峰彇鏂囦欢鎸囬拡鐨勫€?

L= f.tell()

(4) 绉诲姩鏂囦欢鐨勬寚閽?/p>

f.seek( 鍋忕Щ閲? 閫夐」 )

閫夐」 =0 鏃讹紝 琛ㄧず灏嗘枃浠舵寚閽堟寚鍚戜粠鏂囦欢澶撮儴鍒?"鍋忕Щ閲?瀛楄妭澶勩€?/p>

閫夐」 =1 鏃讹紝 琛ㄧず灏嗘枃浠舵寚閽堟寚鍚戜粠鏂囦欢鐨勫綋鍓嶄綅缃紝鍚戝悗绉诲姩 "鍋忕Щ閲?瀛楄妭銆?/p>

閫夐」 =2 鏃讹紝 琛ㄧず灏嗘枃浠舵寚閽堟寚鍚戜粠鏂囦欢鐨勫熬閮紝锛屽悜鍓嶇Щ鍔?"鍋忕Щ閲?瀛楄妭銆?/p>

浜斻€佷粠鏂囦欢璇诲彇鎸囧唴瀹?nbsp;

1 鏂囨湰鏂囦欢锛堜互"rt"鏂瑰紡鎵撳紑鐨勬枃浠讹級鐨勮鍙?nbsp;

s = f.readline( )

杩斿洖鍊硷細 s 鏄瓧绗︿覆锛屼粠鏂囦欢涓鍙栫殑涓€琛岋紝鍚缁撴潫绗︺€?/p>

璇存槑锛?(1)濡傛灉 len( s ) =0 琛ㄧず宸插埌鏂囦欢灏?/p>

(2) 濡傛灉鏄枃浠剁殑鏈€鍚庝竴琛岋紝鏈夊彲鑳芥病鏈夎缁撴潫绗?/p>

2 浜岃繘鍒舵枃浠讹紙浠?rb"銆?rb+"銆?wb+" 鏂瑰紡鎵撳紑鐨勬枃浠讹級鐨勮鍙?nbsp;

s = f.read( n )

璇存槑锛?(1)濡傛灉 len( s ) =0 琛ㄧず宸插埌鏂囦欢灏?/p>

(2) 鏂囦欢璇诲彇鍚庯紝鏂囦欢鐨勬寚閽堝悜鍚庣Щ鍔?len(s) 瀛楄妭銆?/p>

锛?锛夊鏋滅閬撳凡鍧忥紝浼氬彂鐢熷紓甯搞€?/p>

鍏€佸悜鏂囦欢鍐欏叆涓€涓瓧绗︿覆

f.write( s )

鍙傛暟锛?nbsp;s 瑕佸啓鍏ョ殑瀛楃涓?/p>

璇存槑锛?(1)鏂囦欢鍐欏叆鍚庯紝鏂囦欢鐨勬寚閽堝悜鍚庣Щ鍔?len(s) 瀛楄妭銆?/p>

锛?锛夊鏋滅閬撳凡鍧忥紝鎴栫鐩樺凡婊′細鍙戠敓寮傚父銆?/p>

杩斿洖鍊硷細 s 鏄瓧绗︿覆锛屼粠鏂囦欢涓鍙栫殑鍐呭

涓冦€佸垹闄ゆ枃浠?/p>

import os

os.remove(file)

python鏂囦欢鎿嶄綔

鏍囩锛?/p>

鍘熸枃鍦板潃锛歨ttp://www.cnblogs.com/xzptek/p/5391145.html