python中字符串，,字符串：可用单引号

python中字符串，,字符串：可用单引号

字符串：可用单引号 双引号 三引号 来表示
可用来定义国籍,姓名,家庭住址等
选项：
#.join 把可迭代的对象转化成字符串 (字符串,列表,元组,字典等)，列表 元组 合并为字符串，字典合并的是key

>>> res = ‘‘.join([‘1‘,‘2‘,‘3‘])   #列表>>> print(res)123

>>> res = ‘‘.join((‘1‘,‘2‘,‘3‘))   #元组>>> print(res) 123

>>> res = ‘‘.join({‘a‘:1,‘b‘:2})>>> print(res)ab

>>> a = ‘:‘.join(‘1,2,3,4,5‘.split(‘,‘))>>> print(a)1:2:3:4:5

#定义ip str1 = ‘192.168.200.12‘
#.split 把字符串分割成列表(从左往右分割) rsplit (从右往左分割)

>> str1 = ‘192.168.200.12‘>>> res = str1.split(‘.‘)>>> print(res)[‘192‘, ‘168‘, ‘200‘, ‘12‘]

>>> str1 = ‘192.168.200.12‘>>> res = str1.split(‘.‘,1)>>> print(res)[‘192‘, ‘168.200.12‘]

>>> str1 = ‘192.168.200.12‘>>> res = str1.rsplit(‘.‘,1)>>> print(res)[‘192.168.200‘, ‘12‘]

#replace 替换字符串

>>> str1 = ‘192.168.200.12‘>>> res = str1.replace(‘.‘,‘|‘)>>> print(res)192|168|200|12

>>> str1 = ‘192.168.200.12‘>>> res = str1.replace(‘.‘,‘|‘,1)>>> print(res)192|168.200.12

#strip 去除字符串两边指定字符 rstrip(去除右边) lstrip (去除左边)

>>> str1 = ‘==192.168.200.12==‘>>> res = str1.strip(‘=‘)>>> print(res)192.168.200.12

#encode 字符编码
utf8 格式的字符编码: 1个中文占3个字节 生僻字会占用更多
gpk格式的字符编码: 1个中文占2个字节
用什么字符编码写入就用什么字符编码打开

>>> str1 = ‘天明‘>>> res = str1.encode(‘utf-8‘)>>> print(res)b‘\xe5\xa4\xa9\xe6\x98\x8e‘

>>> str1 = ‘天明‘>>> result = res.decode(‘utf-8‘)>>> print(result)天明

#占位符: %s(字符串) %d(整型) %f(浮点型)

>>> name1 = ‘天明‘>>> name2 = ‘tianming‘>>> res = ‘my name is %s‘>>> print(res % name1)>>> print(res % name2)my name is 天明my name is tianming

>>> name1 = ‘天明‘>>> res = ‘my name is %s‘ % 123>>> print(res)my name is 123

>>> name1 = ‘天明‘>>> res = ‘ my name is %.3f‘ % 123 #保留三位小数>>> print(res)my name is 123.000

#format 格式化输出

>>> name1 = ‘天明‘>>> age = 25>>> res = ‘my name is {},my age is {}‘.format(name1,age)>>> print(res)my name is 天明,my age is 25

>>> name1 = ‘天明‘>>> age = 25>>> res = ‘my name is {0},my age is {1}‘.format(name1,age)>>> print(res)my name is 天明,my age is 25

>>> name1 = ‘天明‘>>> age = 25>>> res = ‘my name is {name},my age is {age}‘.format(name=name1,age=age)>>> print(res)my name is 天明,my age is 25

name1 = ‘天明‘>>> age = 25>>> res = f"my name is {name1},my age is {age}">>> print(res)my name is 天明,my age is 25

#字符串可以拼接:相加 可以与数字相乘

>>> a = ‘abc‘>>> b = ‘235‘>>> print(a+b)abc235

>>> a = ‘abc‘>>> b = ‘235‘>>> print(a*5)abcabcabcabcabc>>> print(b*2)235235

#[::-1] 反转数组或序列的顺序

>>> str1 = ‘123‘>>> res =str1[::-1]>>> print(res)321

#type 类型

>>> str1 = ‘123‘>>> print(type(str1))<class ‘str‘>

#id 内存占用

>>> str1 = ‘123‘>>> print(id(str1))61103744

#isalpha() 判断字符串是否是字母

>>> str1 = ‘天明‘>>> res = str1.isalpha()>>> print(res)True

#isalnum() 判断是否是数字或者字符组成

>>> str1 = ‘天明‘>>> res = str1.isalnum()>>> print(res)True

#isaldigit() 判断是否是整型

>>> str1 = ‘天明‘>>> res = str1.isdigit()>>> print(res)False

>>> str2 = ‘123123‘>>> res =str2.isdigit()>>> print(res)True

#rfind 从右往左找第一个对应的值 索引是正向的(0开始)找不到就会变成-1

>>> str2 = ‘123123‘>>> res = str2.rfind(‘2‘)>>> print(res)4

>>> str2 = ‘123123‘>>> res = str2.rfind(‘3‘,0,1) #范围0-3之间 不包括3包括0 找不到就会变成-1>>> print(res)-1

#find 从左往右找第一个对应的值 索引是正向的(0开始)

>>> str2 = ‘123123‘>>> res =str2.find(‘3‘)>>> print(res)2

#index 从左往右找第一个对应的值 显示正向索引 没有找到匹配的值会报错

>>> str2 = ‘123123‘>>> res =str2.index(‘2‘)>>> print(res)1

#count 统计字符个数 如果没有显示0

>>> str2 = ‘123123‘>>> res = str2.count(‘2‘)>>> print(res)2

#title 把字符串变成抬头

>>> str1 = ‘hello word‘>>> res = str1.title()>>> print(res)Hello Word

#startswith 判断字符串当中开头字符是否为所选的字符

>>> str1 = ‘hello word‘>>> res = str1.startswith(‘h‘)>>> print(res)True

#endswith 判断字符串当中结尾字符是否为所选的字符

>>> str1 = ‘hello word‘>>> res = str1.endswith(‘d‘)>>> print(res)True

#isspace 判断是否是由空格组成

>>> str1 = ‘ ‘>>> res = str1.isspace()>>> print(res)True

python中字符串