Python随笔(二)、python基础,,源自:http://


源自:http://www.cnblogs.com/wupeiqi/articles/4906230.html

一、接收执行参数

sys.argv 接收执行参数的函数

#!usr/bin/env python 
#-*- coding:utf-8 _*-
"""
@author:Administrator
@file: sysargv.py
@time: 2017/11/19
"""
import sys
print (sys.argv)

执行结果

[root@python3 ~]# python index.py 8000

[‘index.py‘, ‘8000‘]

[root@python3 ~]# python index.py runserver

[‘index.py‘, ‘runserver‘]


列表,元祖:

区别,列表可以被修改,元祖不能被修改,列表包含元祖

元祖的元素不能被修改,元祖的元素的元素可以被修改。如下程序所示

#!usr/bin/env python 
#-*- coding:utf-8 _*-
"""
@author:Administrator
@file: tuple.py
@time: 2017/11/19
"""
t1 = (1,2,{‘k1‘:‘v1‘})
#t1[2][‘k1‘] = 2
#print(t1)
t1[2] = 123
print(t1)

执行报错:

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "C:/Users/Administrator/PycharmProjects/S12/2017-11-19/tuple.py", line 11, in <module>

t1[2] = 123

TypeError: ‘tuple‘ object does not support item assignment


#!usr/bin/env python 
#-*- coding:utf-8 _*-
"""
@author:Administrator
@file: tuple.py
@time: 2017/11/19
"""
t1 = (1,2,{‘k1‘:‘v1‘})
t1[2][‘k1‘] = 2
print(t1)

执行结果:

(1, 2, {‘k1‘: 2})

Process finished with exit code 0


对于python,一切事物皆是对象,对象基于类创建


字符串常用功能:

移除空白 strip

分割 slipt

长度 len

索引 index

切片 [1:] [2:5] [:-1]

4、列表

创建列表:

123name_list=[‘alex‘,‘seven‘,‘eric‘]name_list =list([‘alex‘,‘seven‘,‘eric‘])

基本操作:

索引 index

追加 append

删除 del

长度 len

切片 [1:] [2:5] [:-1]

循环 for while

包含 in

5、元祖

创建元祖:

123ages=(11,22,33,44,55)ages=tuple((11,22,33,44,55))

基本操作:

索引 index

切片 [1:] [2:5] [:-1]

循环 for while

长度 len

包含 in

6、字典(无序)

创建字典:

123person={"name":"mr.wu",‘age‘:18}person=dict({"name":"mr.wu",‘age‘:18})

常用操作:

索引

新增

删除 del pop remove

键、值、键值对 keys values items

循环 for while

长度 len

PS:循环,range,continue 和 break

int常用功能介绍:

age = int(18)

shift + 鼠标指向int,查看内置函数

求商和余数,执行结果得到两个数的元祖

#!usr/bin/env python 
#-*- coding:utf-8 _*-
"""
@author:Administrator
@file: divmod.py
@time: 2017/11/19
"""
all_list = 95
pager = 10
result = all_list.__divmod__(10)
print(result)

执行结果:

(9, 5)

字典:

#!usr/bin/env python 
#-*- coding:utf-8 _*-
"""
@author:Administrator
@file: dic.py
@time: 2017/11/19
"""
dic = {‘k1‘:‘v1‘,‘k2‘:‘v2‘}
print(dic[‘k1‘])
print(dic[‘k2‘])
#print(dic[‘k3‘])
print(dic.get(‘k3‘,‘default‘))


for循环取k,v值

#!usr/bin/env python 
#-*- coding:utf-8 _*-
"""
@author:Administrator
@file: dic.py
@time: 2017/11/19
"""
dic = {‘k1‘:‘v1‘,‘k2‘:‘v2‘,‘k3‘:‘v3‘}
print(dic[‘k1‘])
print(dic[‘k2‘])
print(dic[‘k3‘])

for k in dic.keys():
print(k)
for v in dic.values():
print(v)
for k,v in dic.items():
print(k,v)

执行结果:

v1

v2

v3

k1

k2

k3

v1

v2

v3

k1 v1

k2 v2

k3 v3


pop参数,必须指定一个值,因为字典是无序的,接上文截图

result = dic.pop(‘k3‘)
print(result)


#!usr/bin/env python 
#-*- coding:utf-8 _*-
"""
@author:Administrator
@file: dictionary.py
@time: 2017/11/19
"""
‘‘‘
有如下集合[11,22,33,44,55,66,77,88,99,110,121,132,143,154,165,176,187],将所有大于66的值保存在字典的第一个key中,将小于66的值保存在第二个key的值中
即:{‘k1‘:大于66,‘k2‘:小于66}
‘‘‘
dic = {}
all_list = [11,22,33,44,55,66,77,88,99,110,121,132,143,154,165,176,187]
for i in all_list:
if i > 66:
if "k1" in dic.keys():
dic["k1"].append(i)
else:
dic[‘k1‘] = [i,]
else:
if "k2" in dic.keys():
dic["k2"].append(i)
else:
dic[‘k2‘] = [i,]
print(dic[‘k1‘])
print(dic[‘k2‘])


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Python随笔(二)、python基础

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