Python脚本生成sitemap，,项目需要用脚本生成s

Python脚本生成sitemap，,项目需要用脚本生成s

项目需要用脚本生成sitemap，中间学习了一下sitemap的格式和lxml库的用法。把结果记录一下，方便以后需要直接拿来用。
来自Python脚本生成sitemap

安装lxml

首先需要pip install lxml安装lxml库。
如果你在ubuntu上遇到了以下错误:

#include "libxml/xmlversion.h"compilation terminated.error: command ‘x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc‘ failed with exit status 1----------------------------------------Cleaning up...  Removing temporary dir /tmp/pip_build_root...Command /usr/bin/python -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__=‘/tmp/pip_build_root/lxml/setup.py‘;exec(compile(getattr(tokenize, ‘open‘, open)(__file__).read().replace(‘\r\n‘, ‘\n‘), __file__, ‘exec‘))" install --record /tmp/pip-O4cIn6-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile failed with error code 1 in /tmp/pip_build_root/lxmlException information:Traceback (most recent call last):  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/basecommand.py", line 122, in main    status = self.run(options, args)  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/commands/install.py", line 283, in run    requirement_set.install(install_options, global_options, root=options.root_path)  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/req.py", line 1435, in install    requirement.install(install_options, global_options, *args, **kwargs)  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/req.py", line 706, in install    cwd=self.source_dir, filter_stdout=self._filter_install, show_stdout=False)  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/util.py", line 697, in call_subprocess    % (command_desc, proc.returncode, cwd))InstallationError: Command /usr/bin/python -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__=‘/tmp/pip_build_root/lxml/setup.py‘;exec(compile(getattr(tokenize, ‘open‘, open)(__file__).read().replace(‘\r\n‘, ‘\n‘), __file__, ‘exec‘))" install --record /tmp/pip-O4cIn6-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile failed with error code 1 in /tmp/pip_build_root/lxml

请安装以下依赖：

sudo apt-get install libxml2-dev libxslt1-dev

Python代码

下面是生成sitemap和sitemapindex索引的代码，可以按照需求传入需要的参数，或者增加字段：

#!/usr/bin/env python# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-import ioimport refrom lxml import etreedef generate_xml(filename, url_list):    """Generate a new xml file use url_list"""    root = etree.Element(‘urlset‘,                         xmlns="http://www.sitemaps.org/schemas/sitemap/0.9")    for each in url_list:        url = etree.Element(‘url‘)        loc = etree.Element(‘loc‘)        loc.text = each        url.append(loc)        root.append(url)    header = u‘<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>\n‘    s = etree.tostring(root, encoding=‘utf-8‘, pretty_print=True)    with io.open(filename, ‘w‘, encoding=‘utf-8‘) as f:        f.write(unicode(header+s))def update_xml(filename, url_list):    """Add new url_list to origin xml file."""    f = open(filename, ‘r‘)    lines = [i.strip() for i in f.readlines()]    f.close()    old_url_list = []    for each_line in lines:        d = re.findall(‘<loc>(http:\/\/.+)<\/loc>‘, each_line)        old_url_list += d    url_list += old_url_list    generate_xml(filename, url_list)def generatr_xml_index(filename, sitemap_list, lastmod_list):    """Generate sitemap index xml file."""    root = etree.Element(‘sitemapindex‘,                         xmlns="http://www.sitemaps.org/schemas/sitemap/0.9")    for each_sitemap, each_lastmod in zip(sitemap_list, lastmod_list):        sitemap = etree.Element(‘sitemap‘)        loc = etree.Element(‘loc‘)        loc.text = each_sitemap        lastmod = etree.Element(‘lastmod‘)        lastmod.text = each_lastmod        sitemap.append(loc)        sitemap.append(lastmod)        root.append(sitemap)    header = u‘<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>\n‘    s = etree.tostring(root, encoding=‘utf-8‘, pretty_print=True)    with io.open(filename, ‘w‘, encoding=‘utf-8‘) as f:        f.write(unicode(header+s))if __name__ == ‘__main__‘:    urls = [‘http://www.baidu.com‘] * 10    mods = [‘2004-10-01T18:23:17+00:00‘] * 10    generatr_xml_index(‘index.xml‘, urls, mods)

效果

生成的效果应该是这种格式：
sitemap格式:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><urlset xmlns="http://www.sitemaps.org/schemas/sitemap/0.9">  <url>    <loc>http://www.example.com/foo.html</loc>  </url></urlset>

sitemapindex格式：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>   <sitemapindex xmlns="http://www.sitemaps.org/schemas/sitemap/0.9">   <sitemap>      <loc>http://www.example.com/sitemap1.xml.gz</loc>      <lastmod>2004-10-01T18:23:17+00:00</lastmod>   </sitemap>   <sitemap>      <loc>http://www.example.com/sitemap2.xml.gz</loc>      <lastmod>2005-01-01</lastmod>   </sitemap>   </sitemapindex>

lastmod时间格式的问题

格式是用ISO 8601的标准，如果是linux/unix系统，可以使用以下函数获取

def get_lastmod_time(filename):    time_stamp = os.path.getmtime(filename)    t = time.localtime(time_stamp)    return time.strftime(‘%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S+08:00‘, t)

Ref:
创建站点地图
sitemap
lxml
谷歌(Google)网站地图的XML文档格式说明
Google Sitemap文件格式