mac配置python自然语言处理环境,python自然语言处理,Ⅰ、工具安装步骤1、


Ⅰ、工具安装步骤

1、根据python版本从https://pypi.python.org/pypi/setuptools 下载对应版本的setuptools。然后,在终端下运行,sudoshDownloads/setuptools-0.6c11-py2.7.egg

2、安装pip 在终端下运行sudoeasy_installpip

3、安装Numpy和matplotlib。运行sudopipinstall-Unumpymatplotlib

4、安装pyyaml和nltk 运行sudopipinstall-Upyyamlnltk

Ⅱ、遇到的问题

1、安装pip常见问题

Error: No available formula with the name "pip"Homebrew provides pip via: `brew install python`. However you will thenhave two Pythons installed on your Mac, so alternatively you can installpip via the instructions at:  https://pip.readthedocs.org/en/stable/installing/#install-pip

采用:

sudo easy_install pip

记得加sudo

2.安装pyyaml常见问题:

sudo pip install -U pyyaml nltk

会遇到下面的问题:

Installing collected packages: sixFound existing installation: six 1.4.1DEPRECATION: Uninstalling a distutils installed project (six) has been deprecated and will be removed in a future version. This is due to the fact that uninstalling a distutils project will only partially uninstall the project.Uninstalling six-1.4.1:...

采用下面的命令安装:

sudo pip install libName --upgrade --ignore-installed six

3.然后用上述同样的方式安装nltk

4.更新nmpy:

pip install --upgrade numpy
 import sklearn.datasetsTraceback (most recent call last):  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/sklearn/__init__.py", line 57, in <module>    from .base import clone  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/sklearn/base.py", line 11, in <module>    from .utils.fixes import signature  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/sklearn/utils/__init__.py", line 10, in <module>    from .murmurhash import murmurhash3_32  File "numpy.pxd", line 155, in init sklearn.utils.murmurhash (sklearn/utils/murmurhash.c:5029)ValueError: numpy.dtype has the wrong size, try recompiling

参考文档: https://blog.wizchen.com/2016/06/17/Mac%E4%B8%8B%E6%9B%B4%E6%96%B0python%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E5%BA%93numpy/

解决的办法是关闭sip:

重启电脑,在电脑启动时按住command+R,等画面上出现苹果图标,会看到打开了一个实用工具窗口,打开终端,输入:

csrutil disable

重启完毕后,再次在终端输入:sudo pip install -U numpy

就可以成功了,记得一定要加sudo。

5、同理,如果要安装matplotlib:sudo pip install matplotlib

也一定要加sudo

二、nltk使用

1、进入到python

>>>import nltk

>>>nltk.download()

会调出一个对话框:可以进行package的下载

技术分享图片

但是呢,一般是下载不成功的。需要手动去下载数据包

(可以联系本文作者要数据包,也可以自己百度一下,会有资源的),之后就可以进行文本的各种实验了。

2、自行python实验

mac配置python自然语言处理环境

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