python图形化界面开发学习（2），,主要内容在GUI添加

python图形化界面开发学习（2），,主要内容在GUI添加

主要内容

在GUI添加小部件

布局小部件

Pyqt5的几种布局技术

位置部件布局

效果如图

代码如下

from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication,QMainWindow,QActionfrom PyQt5.QtGui import QIconfrom PyQt5.Qt import QLabel ,QPushButtonimport sysclass GUI(QMainWindow):#inherit from QMainwindow    def __init__(self):        super().__init__()#initialize super class,which creates the window        self.initGUI() #refer to window as self    def initGUI(self):#add widgets and change properties        self.setWindowTitle(‘这不是周‘)#refer to window as self        self.resize(400,400) #resize(width,height)        self.add_menu_and_status()        self.positional_widget_layout()    def positional_widget_layout(self):        label_1 =QLabel(‘第一个标签‘,self)        print(self.menuBar().size()) #default size :PyQt5.Qtcore(100,30)        mbar_height =self.menuBar().height()        print(mbar_height)        label_1.move(10,mbar_height) #position label below menubar        label_2 =QLabel(‘另一个标签‘,self)#create another label        label_2.move(10,mbar_height*2)#align and position below label_1        button_1 =QPushButton(‘点击‘,self)        button_2 =QPushButton(‘点击‘,self)        button_1.move(label_1.width(),label_1.height())        button_2.move(label_1.width(),label_1.height()*2)    def add_menu_and_status(self):        self.statusBar().showMessage(‘状态栏内容‘)        menubar =self.menuBar() #create menu bar        file_menu =menubar.addMenu(‘文件‘) #add menu to menu bar        new_icon =QIcon(‘file.png‘) #create icon        new_action =QAction(new_icon,‘创建‘,self) #crteate an Action        new_action.setStatusTip(‘创建新文件‘)#statusbar pdated        file_menu.addAction(new_action)  # add Action to menu        file_menu.addSeparator() #add separator line between menu        exit_icon = QIcon(‘exit.png‘)  # create icon        exit_action = QAction(exit_icon, ‘退出‘, self)  # crteate an Action        exit_action.setStatusTip(‘点击退出系统‘)  # statusbar pdated        exit_action.triggered.connect(self.close)#close application when clicked        exit_action.setShortcut(‘Ctrl+Q‘) #keyboard shortcut to close application        file_menu.addAction(exit_action)  # add Action to menu        #-------------------------------------        edit_menu =menubar.addMenu(‘编辑‘)#add second menu to menu bar        self.resize(400,400)if __name__==‘__main__‘:    app =QApplication(sys.argv) #create Application    gui =GUI() #create instance of class    gui.show()#show the constructed Qt window    sys.exit(app.exec_())#execute the application

水平垂直布局

效果如图

代码如下

    def horizontal_vertical_box_layout(self):        label_1 =QLabel(‘第一个标签‘,self)        label_2 =QLabel(‘另一个标签‘, self)  # create another label        button_1 =QPushButton(‘点击‘,self)        button_2 =QPushButton(‘点击‘,self)        hbox_1 =QHBoxLayout()        hbox_2 =QHBoxLayout()        hbox_1.addWidget(label_1)        hbox_1.addWidget(button_1)        hbox_2.addWidget(label_2)        hbox_2.addWidget(button_2)        vbox =QVBoxLayout()        vbox.addLayout(hbox_1)        vbox.addLayout(hbox_2)        layout_widget =QWidget()        layout_widget.setLayout(vbox)        self.setCentralWidget(layout_widget)

注意：
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication,QMainWindow,QAction,QWidgetfrom PyQt5.QtGui import QIconfrom PyQt5.Qt import QLabel ,QPushButton,QHBoxLayout,QVBoxLayout

网格布局

效果如图

代码如下

    def layout_using_grid(self):        label_1 = QLabel(‘第一个标签‘, self)        label_2 = QLabel(‘另一个标签‘, self)  # create another label        button_1 = QPushButton(‘点击‘, self)        button_2 = QPushButton(‘点击‘, self)        grid_layout =QGridLayout()        grid_layout.addWidget(label_1,0,0)# row =0,col=0        grid_layout.addWidget(button_1,0, 1)        grid_layout.addWidget(label_2, 1, 0)        grid_layout.addWidget(button_2, 1, 1)        grid_layout.setAlignment(Qt.AlignBottom)        grid_layout.setAlignment(label_1,Qt.AlignRight)        grid_layout.setAlignment(label_2,Qt.AlignRight)        layout_widget = QWidget()  # create Qwidget object        layout_widget.setLayout(grid_layout)  # set layout        self.setCentralWidget(layout_widget)

效果如图

代码如下

    def layout_using_grid(self):        label_1 = QLabel(‘第一个标签‘)        label_2 = QLabel(‘另一个标签‘)  # create another label        label_span =QLabel(‘SPANSPANSPAN!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!‘)        button_1 = QPushButton(‘点击1‘, self)        button_2 = QPushButton(‘点击2‘, self)        grid_layout =QGridLayout()        grid_layout.addWidget(label_1, 0, 0)# row =0,col=0        grid_layout.addWidget(button_1, 0, 1)        grid_layout.addWidget(label_2, 1, 0)        grid_layout.addWidget(button_2, 1, 1)        grid_layout.addWidget(label_span,2,0,1,3)        grid_layout.setAlignment(Qt.AlignTop|Qt.AlignLeft)        grid_layout.setAlignment(label_1,Qt.AlignRight)        grid_layout.setAlignment(label_2,Qt.AlignRight)        layout_widget = QWidget()  # create Qwidget object        layout_widget.setLayout(grid_layout)  # set layout        self.setCentralWidget(layout_widget)

注意：

from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication,QGridLayout,QMainWindow,QAction,QWidget
from PyQt5.QtGui import QIcon
from PyQt5.Qt import *
import sys

python图形化界面开发学习（2）